Arabidopsis and genes double knock-out results in a stay-green phenotype during dark-induced senescence.

Yellowing is the first visually observable sign of plant leaf senescence. We found that Arabidopsis double knockout mutant for genes of NAD(H)-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase retains green color of the leaves (stay-green phenotype) during a dark-induced senescence, in contrast to wild-type plants, whose leaves turn yellow. When the plants are exposed to the dark more than four days, they demonstrate slower chlorophyll degradation than in the wild-type plants under the same conditions, as well as dysregulation of chlorophyll breakdown genes encoding chlorophyll reductase, Mg-dechelatase, pheophytinase and pheophorbide oxygenase.

Newest Methods and Approaches to Enhance the Performance of Optical Frequency-Domain Reflectometers.

In this review, we summarize the latest advances in the design of optical frequency-domain reflectometers (OFDRs), digital signal processing, and sensors based on special optical fibers. We discuss state-of-the-art approaches to improving metrological characteristics, such as spatial resolution, SNR, dynamic range, and the accuracy of determining back reflection coefficients. We also analyze the latest achievements in the OFDR-based sensors: the accuracy of spatial localization of the impact, the error in detecting temperatures, deformation, and other quantities, and the features of separate measurement of various physical quantities.

Overexpression of RPOTmp Being Targeted to Either Mitochondria or Chloroplasts in Leads to Overall Transcriptome Changes and Faster Growth.

The transcription of organellar genes is performed by three nuclear-encoded RNA polymerases: RPOTm, RPOTmp, and RPOTp. The RPOTmp protein possesses ambiguous transit peptides, allowing participation in gene expression control in both mitochondria and chloroplasts, although its function in plastids is still under discussion. Here, we show that the overexpression of RPOTmp in , targeted either to mitochondria or chloroplasts, disturbs the dormant seed state, and it causes the following effects: earlier germination, decreased ABA sensitivity, faster seedling growth, and earlier flowering.

Detection and Recognition of Voice Commands by a Distributed Acoustic Sensor Based on Phase-Sensitive OTDR in the Smart Home Concept.

In recent years, attention to the realization of a distributed fiber-optic microphone for the detection and recognition of the human voice has increased, whereby the most popular schemes are based on φ-OTDR. Many issues related to the selection of optimal system parameters and the recognition of registered signals, however, are still unresolved. In this research, we conducted theoretical studies of these issues based on the φ-OTDR mathematical model and verified them with experiments.

An Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometer's (OFDR) Performance Improvement via Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Frequency Filtration for Smart Sensing.

We describe a method for reducing the cost of optical frequency domain reflectometer (OFDR) hardware by replacing two reference channels, including an auxiliary interferometer and a gas cell, with a single channel. To extract useful information, digital signal processing methods were used: digital frequency filtering, as well as empirical mode decomposition. It is shown that the presented method helps to avoid the use of an unnecessary analog-to-digital converter and photodetector, while the OFDR trace is restored by the equal frequency resampling (EFR) algorithm without loss of high resolution and with good measurement repeatability.