Studies of drug delivery systems for a therapeutic agent used in osteoporosis. II. Enhanced absorption of elcatonin from nasal mucosa in rabbits.

In this study, the effects of a protease inhibitor, endocytosis inhibitors and an absorption-enhancing agent on the absorption of ((Asu1,7)-eel calcitonin, ECT) from the nasal mucous membrane in rabbits were examined, and the results were compared with those obtained following the rectal absorption of ECT reported in our previous paper. ECT was efficiently absorbed from the nasal mucous membrane and effectively decreased serum calcium (Ca) concentrations. The increase in the area under the percent decrease in serum Ca concentration (deltaCa%)-time curve (deltaCa%-AUC) value, assumed to be an index of the pharmacodynamics (hypocalcemic effect) of ECT, depended on the dose of ECT administered intranasally.

Studies of drug delivery systems for a therapeutic agent used in osteoporosis. I. Pharmacodynamics (hypocalcemic effect) of elcatonin in rabbits following rectal administration of hollow-type suppositories containing elcatonin.

In this study, we developed a new hollow-type suppository containing elcatonin ((Asu1,7)-eel calcitonin, ECT), a synthetic derivative of eel calcitonin, which produces hypocalcemia, as a pharmaceutical preparation for self administration, to be used instead of parenteral injections for patients with osteoporosis. The absorption of ECT from the rectal mucous membrane was evaluated by observation of the decrease in serum calcium (Ca) concentrations following rectal administration in rabbits. ECT was efficiently absorbed from the rectum and effectively decreased serum Ca concentrations.

Pharmacodynamic activity (leukopoietic effect) of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) after rectal administration in rabbits with leukopenia induced by cyclophosphamide.

The pharmacodynamic activity (leukopoietic effect) and pharmacokinetics of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) administered in various doses as hollow-type suppositories were investigated in rabbits with leukopenia induced by cyclophosphamide (CPA-treated rabbits). We found that serum granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) concentration was increased following the rectal administration of rhG-CSF. Therefore, rhG-CSF could be absorbed from the rectal mucosa in leukopenic rabbits who received CPA at a dose of 30 mg/kg/d.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) after administration of a rectal dosage vehicle.

The pharmacodynamic activities (leukopoietic effect) and pharmacokinetics of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) administered rectally in various doses as hollow-type suppositories were investigated in rabbits. Three kinds of rhG-CSF hollow-type suppositories were employed: suppository I containing rhG-CSF (100-1000 micrograms/kg) in 10 mM acetate buffer solution (ABS) at pH 4.0, suppository II containing rhG-CSF in ABS with alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CyD) as an absorption-enhancing agent, and suppository III containing lyophilized rhG-CSF powder.