Bleeding disorder of unknown cause: an illustrated review on current practice, knowledge gaps, and future perspectives.

In more than half of the individuals with a clinically relevant bleeding tendency who are referred to hemostasis experts, no biological etiology can be found after extensive laboratory testing. These persons are diagnosed with an unexplained bleeding tendency or "bleeding disorder of unknown cause" (BDUC). The mucocutaneous bleeding phenotype of individuals with BDUC is generally comparable to that of individuals with inherited bleeding disorders such as von Willebrand disease or platelet function disorders.

International normalized ratio measurement during perioperative anticoagulation bridging with low-molecular-weight heparin in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery.

Background: Surgical procedures in anticoagulated patients require specific attention due to increased bleeding risk. Preoperative anticoagulation interruption in high-risk patients is often necessary. Bridging anticoagulation with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) minimizes thromboembolic risk, but its effect on international normalized ratio (INR) measurement is not well established, necessitating careful monitoring and individual assessment.

The Utility of Total Thrombus-Formation Analysis System (T-TAS) in the Thrombosis and Hemostasis Field: A Scoping Review.

Background: A wide variety of laboratory hemostasis tests is available, but the majority is plasma-based, static and unable to assess platelet function and fibrin formation simultaneously. The Total Thrombus-Formation Analysis System (T-TAS) is a microchip-based flow chamber system that simulates in vivo conditions for evaluating whole blood thrombogenicity.

Aim: A comprehensive overview of its applicability in different thrombosis and hemostasis related clinical situations is lacking and therefore this scoping review was performed.