Artificial Intelligence Predicts Multiclass Molecular Signatures and Subtypes Directly From Breast Cancer Histology: a Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Detection of biomarkers of breast cancer incurs additional costs and tissue burden. We propose a deep learning-based algorithm (BBMIL) to predict classical biomarkers, immunotherapy-associated gene signatures, and prognosis-associated subtypes directly from hematoxylin and eosin stained histopathology images. BBMIL showed the best performance among comparative algorithms on the prediction of classical biomarkers, immunotherapy related gene signatures, and subtypes.

Afadin Sorts Different Retinal Neuron Types into Accurate Cellular Layers.

Neurons use cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs) to interact with other neurons and the extracellular environment: the combination of CAMs specifies migration patterns, neuronal morphologies, and synaptic connections across diverse neuron types. Yet little is known regarding the intracellular signaling cascade mediating the CAM recognitions at the cell surface across different neuron types. In this study, we investigated the neural developmental role of Afadin , a cytosolic adapter protein that connects multiple CAM families to intracellular F-actin.

PSGL-1 excludes HIV Env from virion surface through spatial hindrance involving structural folding of the decameric repeats (DR).

P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), a mucin-like surface glycoprotein, is primarily expressed on lymphoid and myeloid cells. PSGL-1 has recently been identified as an HIV restriction factor, blocking HIV infectivity mainly through virion incorporation that sterically hinders virion attachment to target cells. PSGL-1 also inhibits HIV Env incorporation into virions.

Low-temperature oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde over Mo-based catalysts.

The research and development of the green synthesis route of chemicals has become the focus of research in academia and industry. At present, the highly efficient oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde over non-precious metal catalysts under mild conditions is most promising, but remains a big challenge. Herein, the Mo-Sn oxide catalyst was designed to successfully realize low-temperature oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde, achieving an acetaldehyde selectivity of 89.

Common and rare genetic variation intersects with ancestry to influence human skin and plasma carotenoid concentrations.

Carotenoids are dietary bioactive compounds with health effects that are biomarkers of fruit and vegetable intake. Here, we examine genetic associations with plasma and skin carotenoid concentrations in two rigorously phenotyped human cohorts (n=317). Analysis of genome-wide SNPs revealed heritability to vary by genetic ancestry (h²=0.