Publications by authors named "Y Kazuyama"
Eight peaks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak occurred in Japan, each associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern. The National Epidemiological Surveillance of Infectious Diseases (NESID) analyzed viral genome sequences from symptomatic patients and submitted the results to GISAID. Meanwhile, commercial testing services occasionally sequence samples from asymptomatic individuals.
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- - This study assessed how accurately SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be detected in saliva samples, comparing those treated with guanidine and without, against traditional nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) used as a reference.
- - Results showed that raw saliva had a 100% sensitivity for detecting the virus, while the sensitivity for saliva treated with guanidine-based and guanidine-free inactivators was lower, at 65.9% and 82.9% respectively.
- - Despite the reduced sensitivity in treated saliva, the study found that these inactivated samples could still provide reliable results for diagnosing COVID-19, which is beneficial for minimizing the risk of virus transmission.
Article Synopsis
- - The study focused on preventing the spread of COVID-19 from urban areas, specifically Tokyo, to the remote island of Chichijima, which has limited medical resources.
- - Between September 1, 2020, and March 21, 2021, the island's COVID-19 infection rate was extremely low at 0.015%, and pre-boarding saliva PCR tests were used to screen 8,910 individuals before they boarded ships.
- - The results showed that seven individuals tested positive for COVID-19, with one confirmed by further testing, leading to their denial of entry and highlighting the effectiveness of such screening for protecting remote communities.
Isolation of Bordetella pertussis and detection of the pertussis genome are not always successful because of low bacterial loads in adult patients with pertussis. Antibodies against pertussis toxin (PT) are measured but have low sensitivity in vaccinated subjects. There is no reliable diagnostic method at present.
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