Inhibitor of DNA Binding Protein 2 (ID2) Mediates the Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Differentiation Effects of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1).

In preeclampsia (PE), impaired trophoblast proliferation and differentiation are thought to cause abnormal placentation and subsequent clinical manifestations of the disease, i.e., hypertension, proteinuria, and end-organ damage.

The Roles of Obesity and ASB4 in Preeclampsia Pathogenesis.

Preeclampsia is a complex pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder which poses significant risks for both maternal and fetal health. Preeclampsia affects 5-8% of pregnancies in the United States, causing a significant public health and economic burden. Despite extensive research, the etiology and pathogenesis of preeclampsia remain elusive, but have been correlated with maternal conditions such as obesity.

Adverse childhood experiences exacerbate peripheral symptoms of autism spectrum disorder in adults.

Aim: Adverse childhood experiences are potentially traumatic events with long-lasting effects on the health and well-being of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It is important to clarify which types of long-lasting autism-related symptoms are influenced by childhood experiences to design future intervention studies. However, few studies have examined the association between childhood experiences and autistic symptoms in large samples of adults with ASD and individuals with typical development (TD).

Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophages of individuals with autism spectrum disorder adversely affect neuronal dendrites through the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Background: A growing body of evidence suggests that immune dysfunction and inflammation in the peripheral tissues as well as the central nervous system are associated with the neurodevelopmental deficits observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Elevated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma, serum, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of ASD has been reported. These cytokine expression levels are associated with the severity of behavioral impairments and symptoms in ASD.