Sonographic nomogram of paediatric renal size in Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM).

Introduction: A person's childhood is an important period of growth, and also one's most vulnerable, as one can be exposed to various pathologies, for example those that could affect the growth of one's kidney. Asians are physiologically different from Caucasians, and the nomogram renal size obtained from a Western population (mostly of Caucasians) is not be suitable for representing Asian children. As such a nomogram on paediatric renal size derived from Malaysia is needed.

Health-related quality of life in paediatric spina bifida.

Introduction: The average incidence of spina bifida (SB) in Malaysia is 0.43 among 1,000 live births. The burden of the disease and its impact on the overall development and health though tremendously improved, remains significant.

Transition care readiness among patients in a tertiary paediatric department.

Introduction: A smooth transition of healthcare for young people with chronic illnesses from paediatric to adult healthcare services is important to ensure optimal outcome. At the moment, there are no standard guidelines to assess a patient's readiness to transfer care.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire, adapted from UNC (University of North Carolina) TRxANSITION self-assessment tool was conducted to evaluate patients' transition care readiness in paediatric haematology and paediatric diabetes clinic.

Renal doppler assessment in differentiating obstructive from non-obstructive hydronephrosis in children.

Background: to determine the usefulness of Doppler ultrasound measurement of resistive index (RI) in differentiating obstructive from non-obstructive hydronephrosis in children.

Methods: From August 2011 to November 2012, renal Doppler assessments of the intra-renal renal arteries were performed on 16 children (19 kidneys) with congenital hydronephrosis. the independent t-test was used to assess for significant difference in RI values between those with obstructive hydronephrosis (6 kidneys) and those with non-obstructive hydronephrosis (13 kidneys) as determined by dynamic renal scintigraphy.

Contrast enhanced Voiding Urosonography (ce-VUS) as a radiation-free technique in the diagnosis of vesicoureteric reflux: Our early experience.

Objective: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound has become increasingly utilised as an alternative imaging modality for the diagnosis of vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) in paediatric patients. The study objective is to evaluate the efficacy of contrast enhanced Voiding Urosonography (ce-VUS) compared with fluoroscopic micturating cystourethrography (MCU) in the detection of VUR.

Methods: This prospective study was carried out between July 2011 and January 2013 on paediatric patients who underwent MCU.