Total baseline tumor size predicts survival among patients with advanced small-cell lung cancer receiving chemotherapy plus programmed death-ligand 1 inhibitor as first-line therapy: a multicenter retrospective observational study.

Introduction: Total baseline tumor size (BTS) is a prognostic factor for programmed death 1 and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor treatments. However, the prognostic value of total BTS for patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) who receive chemotherapy plus PD-L1 inhibitor remains unknown. Thus, in this study, we aimed to determine whether total BTS is associated with prognosis in patients with SCLC who receive chemotherapy plus PD-L1 inhibitor as first-line therapy.

Composition analysis of β-(In Ga )O thin films coherently grown on (010) β-GaO via mist CVD.

This study investigates the compositional analysis and growth of β-(In Ga )O thin films on (010) β-GaO substrates using mist chemical vapor deposition (CVD), including the effects of the growth temperature. We investigated the correlation between In composition and -axis length in coherently grown films, vital for developing high-electron-mobility transistors and other devices based on β-(In Ga )O. Analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), reciprocal space mapping, and atomic force microscopy, were employed to evaluate crystal structure, strain relaxation, and surface morphology.

The effect of preemptive middle glenohumeral ligament release, following release of the rotator interval and coracohumeral ligament, in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair of small- to medium-sized tears to prevent postoperative stiffness: a retrospective comparative study.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of pre-emptive middle glenohumeral ligament (MGHL) release during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) of small- to medium-sized tears to prevent postoperative stiffness.

Methods: Patients who underwent ARCR of small- to medium-sized tears were enrolled and allocated into 2 groups retrospectively: the pre-emptive MGHL release group (MGHL+ group, n = 34) and pre-emptive MGHL nonrelease group (MGHL- group, n = 32). The rotator interval and coracohumeral ligament release were performed in all patients with or without MGHL release in both groups.

TAK-861, a potent, orally available orexin receptor 2-selective agonist, produces wakefulness in monkeys and improves narcolepsy-like phenotypes in mouse models.

Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is associated with severe loss of orexin neurons and characterized by symptoms including excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy. Current medications indicated for NT1 often show limited efficacy, not addressing the full spectrum of symptoms, demonstrating a need for novel drugs. We discovered a parenteral orexin receptor 2 (OX2R) agonist, danavorexton, and an orally available OX2R agonist, TAK-994; both improving NT1 phenotypes in mouse models and individuals with NT1.