Investigation of HO uptake mechanisms onto multiple-component ambient aerosols collected in summer and winter time in Yokohama, Japan.

The heterogeneous loss of HO radicals onto ambient aerosols plays an important role in tropospheric chemistry. However, sparse investigation of the dominating parameters controlling the HO uptake coefficients onto ambient aerosols (γHO) has largely hindered the application of the measured γHO to the global spatial prediction. Here we induced an offline method using LFP-LIF technique to measure the kinetics of HO uptake onto ambient aerosols collected in summertime and wintertime in Yokohama city, a regional urban site near Tokyo, Japan.

Potential Factors Contributing to Ozone Production in AQUAS-Kyoto Campaign in Summer 2020: Natural Source-Related Missing OH Reactivity and Heterogeneous HO/RO Loss.

This study presents total OH reactivity, ancillary trace species, HO reactivity, and complex isoprene-derived RO reactivity due to ambient aerosols measured during the air quality study (AQUAS)-Kyoto campaign in September, 2020. Observations were conducted during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic (associated with reduced anthropogenic emissions). The spatial distribution of missing OH reactivity highlights that the origin of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) may be from natural-emission areas.

Decomposition of multifunctionalized α-alkoxyalkyl-hydroperoxides derived from the reactions of Criegee intermediates with diols in liquid phases.

The oxidation of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere produces organic hydroperoxides (ROOHs) that typically possess not only -OOH but also other functionalities such as -OH and -C(O). Because of their high hydrophilicity and low volatility, such multifunctionalized ROOHs are expected to be taken up in atmospheric condensed phases such as aerosols and fog/cloud droplets. However, the characteristics of ROOHs that control their fates and lifetimes in liquid phases are poorly understood.

Brain region networks for the assimilation of new associative memory into a schema.

Alterations in long-range functional connectivity between distinct brain regions are thought to contribute to the encoding of memory. However, little is known about how the activation of an existing network of neocortical and hippocampal regions might support the assimilation of relevant new information into the preexisting knowledge structure or 'schema'. Using functional mapping for expression of plasticity-related immediate early gene products, we sought to identify the long-range functional network of paired-associate memory, and the encoding and assimilation of relevant new paired-associates.