Transposon exonization generates new protein-coding sequences.

In a recent issue of Cell, Arribas et al. and Pasquesi et al. explore the phenomenon of transposable element (TE) exonization and its impact on proteomic and immune diversity, highlighting its potential role as a driver of evolutionary innovation.

Epithelial stem cells from human small bronchi offer a potential for therapy of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fibrosing interstitial pneumonia with restrictive ventilation. Recently, the structural and functional defects of small airways have received attention in the early pathogenesis of IPF. This study aimed to elucidate the characteristics of small airway epithelial dysfunction in patients with IPF and explore novel therapeutic interventions to impede IPF progression by targeting the dysfunctional small airways.

Clinical features of FOSMN syndrome in Korea: A comparative analysis with bulbar-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Facial onset sensory and motor neuronopathy (FOSMN) syndrome is a rare neurodegenerative disorder initially characterized by facial sensory deficits, which later progress to motor deficits in a rostral-caudal distribution. This study investigated the prevalence, clinical features, and prognosis of FOSMN syndrome and compared these aspects with those of bulbar-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) within a single institutional cohort of motor neuron diseases. We identified four patients with FOSMN syndrome who had been misclassified as having bulbar-onset ALS, representing approximately 2 % of such ALS cases.

Ultrafast Synthesis of Oxygen Vacancy-Rich MgFeSiO Cathode to Boost Diffusion Kinetics for Rechargeable Magnesium-Ion Batteries.

Rechargeable magnesium ion batteries (RMBs) have drawn extensive attention due to their high theoretical volumetric capacity and low safety hazards. However, divalent Mg ions suffer sluggish mobility in cathodes owing to the high charge density and slow insertion/extraction kinetics. Herein, it is shown that an ultrafast nonequilibrium high-temperature shock (HTS) method with a high heating/quenching rate can instantly introduce oxygen vacancies into the olivine-structured MgFeSiO cathode (MgFeSiO-HTS) in seconds.

External auditory canal cholesteatoma: staging and treatment strategies.

Objective: To investigate clinical staging systems and appropriate treatment strategies for external auditory canal cholesteatoma (EACC).

Methods: We performed comparative analysis of the features of several staging schemes (Holt, Naim, Shin, Chang, Kaneda, Hn, and He) of EACC; retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 44 patients with primary EACC, and analyzed the prognosis.

Results: He's staging system (2019) was found to be particularly clear and practical.