Bronchoscopic-Guided Selective Endobronchial Injection of Methylene Blue Solution for Localising Peripheral Bronchopleural Fistulas During Pleural Debridement in a Post-Lobectomy Patient With Bronchopleural Fistula and Empyema.

The bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a pathological passageway between the bronchus and the pleural cavity. Diagnosing and localising BPF can be challenging, and the traditional retrograde methylene blue (MB) perfusion method may fail to identify multifocal BPFs. This article reports a novel method for locating multifocal BPFs in patients undergoing concurrent empyema debridement.

Two previously undescribed triterpenoid saponins from the roots and rhizomes of Maxim.

Since ancient times, plants have provided humans with important bioactive compounds for the treatment of various diseases. Nine compounds were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Caulophyllum robustum (a plant in the family Panaxaceae), including two new saponins C. Spanion A and C.

Copper-Catalyzed Annulation of α,β-Unsaturated Ketoximes with Dialkyl Acetylenedicarboxylates for the Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyridines.

A copper-catalyzed [4 + 2] annulation protocol from readily available α,β-unsaturated ketoximes and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates has been achieved. The approach enables the expedient construction of a series of structurally new highly substituted pyridines with good functional group tolerance.

Coherent Exciton Spin Relaxation Dynamics and Exciton Polaron Character in Layered Two-Dimensional Lead-Halide Perovskites.

The quantum-well-like two-dimensional lead-halide perovskites exhibit strongly confined excitons due to the quantum confinement and reduced dielectric screening effect, which feature intriguing excitonic effects. The ionic nature of the perovskite crystal and the "softness" of the lattice induce the complex lattice dynamics. There are still open questions about how the soft lattices decorate the nature of excitons in these hybrid materials.

The processing of shaking and standing improves the taste quality of summer black tea.

Shaking and standing (SS) enhances the aroma intensity and quality of black tea (BT). However, its contribution to the taste remains unknown, and the interaction mechanism between the aroma and taste perception of black tea is also undisclosed. Here, the metabolomics and sensory evaluation-assisted flavor analysis were employed to investigate the changes in non-volatiles induced by SS, and the interaction mechanism between aroma and taste perception.