Exosomes as promising frontier approaches in future cancer therapy.

In this editorial, we will discuss the article by Tang published in the recent issue of the . They explored an innovative approach to enhancing gemcitabine (GEM) delivery and efficacy using human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HU-BMSCs)-derived exosomes. The manufacture of GEM-loaded HU-BMSCs-derived exosomes (Exo-GEM) has been optimized.

Super-photostable organic dye for long-term live-cell single-protein imaging.

Organic dyes play a crucial role in live-cell imaging because of their advantageous properties, such as photostability and high brightness. Here we introduce a super-photostable and bright organic dye, Phoenix Fluor 555 (PF555), which exhibits an order-of-magnitude longer photobleaching lifetime than conventional organic dyes without the requirement of any anti-photobleaching additives. PF555 is an asymmetric cyanine structure in which, on one side, the indole in the conventional Cyanine-3 is substituted with 3-oxo-quinoline.

Tau destabilization in a familial deletion mutant K280 accelerates its fibrillization and enhances the seeding effect.

Tauopathies cover a range of neurodegenerative diseases in which natively unfolded tau protein aggregates and spreads in the brain during disease progression. To gain insights into the mechanism of tau structure and spreading, here, we examined the biochemical and cellular properties of human full-length wild-type and familial mutant tau, ΔK280, with a deletion at lysine 280. Our results showed that both wild-type and mutant tau are predominantly monomeric by analytical ultracentrifugation.

Baicalin attenuates the immune escape of oral squamous cell carcinoma by reducing lactate accumulation in tumor microenvironment.

Introduction: The acidic microenvironment caused by excessive lactate accumulation could inhibit immune lymphocytes antitumor activity and promote the immune escape of tumor cells. Baicalin is an active flavonoid isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Objectives: The present study aims to investigate whether and how baicalin inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) acidic microenvironment and attenuates immune escape.

Dietary Bacillus improves behavior, intestinal health, and growth of juvenile sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus at low temperature.

The traditional overwintering process of sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus) requires burning a large amount of coal to raise the water temperature. It is useful but costly and not environmentally friendly. Bacillus is proposed as a cheap and green alternative.