Continuous High Positive-End Expiratory Pressure May Worsen Renal Function in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Retrospective Analyses of a Nationwide, Multicenter Observational Study in Japan.

Background: Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), especially continuous high PEEP, is thought to be a risk factor for worsening renal function (WRF) due to impaired venous return and the development of renal interstitial edema. In this study, we investigated whether PEEP is a risk factor for WRF in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a representative pathology that requires continuous high PEEP for respiratory management.

Methods: We performed retrospective sub-analyses of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine, a nationwide prospective observational registry of ARDS (FORECAST ARDS registry) prospective multicenter cohort study.

Sequential organ failure assessment score as a predictor of the outcomes of patients hospitalized for classical or exertional heatstroke.

Heatstroke is a life-threatening event that affects people worldwide. Currently, there are no established tools to predict the outcomes of heatstroke. Although the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score is a promising tool for judging the severity of critically ill patients.

Photopic negative response recorded with RETeval system in eyes with optic nerve disorders.

Electroretinography (ERG) is used to evaluate the physiological status of the retina and optic nerve. The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of ERGs recorded with the RETeval system in diagnosing optic nerve diseases. Forty-eight patients with optic nerve disorders, including optic neuritis, ischemic optic neuropathy, traumatic optic neuropathy, and dominant optic atrophy, and 36 normal control subjects were studied.

Changes in Choroidal Thickness and Structure Induced by 1% Atropine Instillation in Children With Hyperopic Anisometropic Amblyopia.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of 1% atropine eye drops on the choroidal thickness and structure of amblyopic and fellow eyes in children with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia.

Methods: This study included 16 children with hypermetropic anisometropic amblyopia. All patients received 1% atropine eye drops in both eyes twice a day for 7 days.