Multi-dimensional interpretable deep learning-radiomics based on intra-tumoral and spatial habitat for preoperative prediction of thymic epithelial tumours risk categorisation.

Background And Purpose: This study aims to develop and compare combined models based on enhanced CT-based radiomics, multi-dimensional deep learning, clinical-conventional imaging and spatial habitat analysis to achieve accurate prediction of thymoma risk classification.

Materials And Methods: 205 consecutive patients with thymoma confirmed by surgical pathology were recruited from three medical centers. Venous phase enhanced CT images were used to delineate the tumor, and radiomics, 2D and 3D deep learning models based on the whole tumor were established and feature extraction was performed.

Lanthanide-mediated Defluorinative Transformations of Trifluoromethylated Benzofulvenes: Access to Functionalized Difluoroalkenes and Mechanistic Insights.

Accessing difluorinated organic molecules via selective C-F bond activation in CF3-containing substrates has become a valuable synthetic pathway. The combination of lanthanide metals (lanthanum, dysprosium) with Lewis acids (AlCl3, LaI3) allows the efficient regio- and stereoselective transformation of CF3-benzofulvenes into a range of versatile difluoroalkenes proceeding via ε,ε-difluoropentadienyl lanthanide or aluminium species. The reaction of these organometallic intermediates towards ketones and nitroalkenes is herein reported and analyzed in relation to previous studies on aldehydes.

Tailoring Phonon Polaritons with a Single-Layer Photonics-Empowered Polaritonic Crystal.

Photonic crystals (PhCs) are artificial periodic structures that can compress and control light at the nanoscale. Recently, the emerging van der Waals (vdW) materials with extreme anisotropy exhibit exotic hyperbolic phonon resonances and ray-like propagation. However, localization and manipulation of these hyperbolic phonon polaritons (PhPs) in polaritonic crystals (PoCs) on a scale deeply below the polariton wavelength have remained elusive so far.

A Novel Oxo-Palmatine Derivative 2q as Potent Reversal Agents Against Alzheimer's Disease.

Palmatine (PAL), as an active ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine, had been demonstrated efficacy in ameliorating the manifestations of AD. Our research group has previously designed and synthesized the novel oxo-PAL derivative 2q and found that it has exhibited notable neuroprotective properties. However, compound 2q therapeutic impact on AD remains uncertain.

DRAG: design RNAs as hierarchical graphs with reinforcement learning.

The rapid development of RNA vaccines and therapeutics puts forward intensive requirements on the sequence design of RNAs. RNA sequence design, or RNA inverse folding, aims to generate RNA sequences that can fold into specific target structures. To date, efficient and high-accuracy prediction models for secondary structures of RNAs have been developed.