Children and providers' perspectives on once-weekly rifapentine and isoniazid TB preventive therapy.

Background: TB preventive treatment (TPT) prevents the development of TB disease in individuals at risk of progression from infection to disease. However, implementation of TPT for children is poor in most high-burden settings. The long duration and pill burden of the 6-month once-daily isoniazid regimen (6H) pose significant barriers to completion.

Vaccine Hesitancy at Nine Community Sites Across the United States, Early in COVID-19 Vaccine Rollout.

Background: Vaccine hesitancy has been a significant concern throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccine hesitancy can be attributed to lack of confidence in vaccines, complacency about the health threat, or lack of convenience of vaccination. To date, few studies have used methods designed to include populations underrepresented in research when identifying factors associated with vaccine hesitancy.

Guidelines for tuberculosis screening and preventive treatment among pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV in PEPFAR-supported countries.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment (TPT) is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for persons living with HIV, including pregnant and breastfeeding women. Given the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR)'s investment in TPT services for persons living with HIV as a strategy to prevent TB as well as uncertainty in guidelines and policy regarding use of TPT during pregnancy and the postpartum period, we conducted a review of current relevant national guidelines among PEPFAR-supported countries.

Methods: Our review included 44/49 PEPFAR-supported countries to determine if TB screening and TPT are recommended specifically for pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV (WLHIV).

Isoniazid preventive therapy completion between July-September 2019: A comparison across HIV differentiated service delivery models in Uganda.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death among people living with HIV (PLHIV). To prevent TB among PLHIV, the Ugandan national guidelines recommend Isoniazid Preventive Therapy (IPT) across differentiated service delivery (DSD) models, an effective way of delivering ART. DSD models include Community Drug Distribution Point (CDDP), Community Client-led ART Delivery (CCLAD), Facility-Based Individual Management (FBIM), Facility-Based Group (FBG), and Fast Track Drug Refill (FTDR).