Generative deep learning furthers the understanding of local distributions of fat and muscle on body shape and health using 3D surface scans.

Background: Body shape, an intuitive health indicator, is deterministically driven by body composition. We developed and validated a deep learning model that generates accurate dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans from three-dimensional optical body scans (3DO), enabling compositional analysis of the whole body and specified subregions. Previous works on generative medical imaging models lack quantitative validation and only report quality metrics.

Evolution of left-right asymmetry in the sensory system and foraging behavior during adaptation to food-sparse cave environments.

Background: Laterality in relation to behavior and sensory systems is found commonly in a variety of animal taxa. Despite the advantages conferred by laterality (e.g.

Developing an improved automatic preventive braking system based on safety-critical car-following events from naturalistic driving study data.

In public road tests of autonomous vehicles in California, rear-end crashes have been the most common type of crash. Collision avoidance systems, such as autonomous emergency braking (AEB), have provided an effective way for autonomous vehicles to avoid collisions with the lead vehicle, but to avert false alarms, AEB tends to apply late and hard brake only if a collision becomes unavoidable. Automatic preventive braking (APB) is a new collision avoidance method used in Mobileye's Responsibility-Sensitive Safety (RSS) model that aims to reduce crashes with a milder brake and decreased impact on traffic flow, but APB's safety performance is inferior to that of AEB.

Deep learning predicts all-cause mortality from longitudinal total-body DXA imaging.

Background: Mortality research has identified biomarkers predictive of all-cause mortality risk. Most of these markers, such as body mass index, are predictive cross-sectionally, while for others the longitudinal change has been shown to be predictive, for instance greater-than-average muscle and weight loss in older adults. And while sometimes markers are derived from imaging modalities such as DXA, full scans are rarely used.