Chronic periodic fluid redistribution effect on muscle calcium in healthy subjects during prolonged hypokinesia.

Studies have shown that chronic periodic fluid shifting upwards is not sensed as excessive fluid volume and excretion mechanisms are not activated. To determine if chronic periodic fluid and volume shifting upwards can affect muscle calcium (Ca(2+)) during hypokinesia (HK) we measured muscle Ca(2+) content, plasma Ca(2+) concentration, and Ca(2+) losses in urine and feces. Studies were conducted on 40 healthy male volunteers.

Vanadium supplementation effect on vanadium metabolism during hypokinesia in rats.

Objectives: Microelement supplementation during Hypokinesia (HK; diminished movement) affects differently microelement metabolism from that of normal muscular activity. In view of the effect of trace element supplementation and HK upon microelement metabolism we investigated the effect of vanadium (V) supplements on tissue V content and V loss during HK.

Methods: Studies were performed on 240 male Wistar rats during a pre-experimental period of 9 days and an experimental period of 98 days.

Utilization of magnesium during hypokinesia and magnesium supplementation in healthy subjects.

Objective: The incompleteness of electrolyte utilization during hypokinesia and electrolyte supplementation is the defining factor of electrolyte metabolic changes, yet the effect of electrolyte supplementation and HK upon electrolyte utilization is poorly understood. To determine the influence of magnesium (Mg(2+)) supplementation and hypokinesia (diminished movement) on magnesium utilization, we investigated the use of Mg(2+) supplementation to establish its effect upon muscle Mg(2+) content and Mg2(2+) losses.

Methods: This study was conducted in 40 physically healthy male volunteers during a pre-experimental period of 30 d and an experimental period of 364 d.

The impact of physical exercise on calcium balance in healthy subjects during prolonged hypokinesia.

Objective: To determine whether during hypokinesia (diminished movement) periodic physical exercise affects calcium (Ca(2+)) balance and Ca(2+) loss.

Methods: Studies were conducted on 30 physically healthy male volunteers during the preexperimental period of 30 days and the experimental period of 364 days. They were equally divided into three groups: active control subjects (ACS), hypokinetic subjects (HKS), and periodic training subjects (PTS).

Inability of healthy subjects to deposit potassium during hypokinesia and potassium supplementation.

Objective: To determine the effect of potassium (K+) supplementation and hypokinesia (HK; diminished movement) on muscle K+ content and K+ loss.

Methods: Studies were conducted on 40 healthy male volunteers during a pre-experimental period of 30 days and an experimental-period of 364 days. Volunteers were equally divided into four groups: unsupplemented control subjects (UCS), unsupplemented experimental subjects (UES), supplemented control subjects (SCS), and supplemented experimental subjects (SES).