Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor promotes regeneration of severed facial nerve in rats.

Background And Aim: The administration of growth and neurotrophic factors has been attempted experimentally as a new therapeutic strategy for severe facial paralysis. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has an effect on the treatment of central nervous system injuries, such as cerebral infarction and spinal cord injury. This study aimed at examining the effects of G-CSF on facial nerve regeneration in rats.

Predicting synkinesis caused by Bell's palsy or Ramsay Hunt syndrome using machine learning-based logistic regression.

Objective: To investigate whether machine learning (ML)-based algorithms, namely logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), k-nearest neighbor (k-NN), and gradient-boosting decision tree (GBDT), utilizing early post-onset parameters can predict facial synkinesis resulting from Bell's palsy or Ramsay Hunt syndrome more accurately than the conventional statistics-based LR.

Methods: This retrospective study included 362 patients who presented to a facial palsy outpatient clinic. Median follow-up of synkinesis-positive and -negative patients was 388 (range, 177-1922) and 198 (range, 190-3021) days, respectively.

Merging the Norrish type I reaction and transition metal catalysis: photo- and Rh-promoted borylation of C-C σ-bonds of aryl ketones.

Synthesis of arylboronates borylation of C-C σ-bonds of aryl ketones was achieved by the combined use of photoenergy and a Rh catalyst. The cooperative system enables α-cleavage of photoexcited ketones to generate aroyl radicals the Norrish type I reaction, which are successively decarbonylated and borylated with the rhodium catalyst. This work establishes a new catalytic cycle merging the Norrish type I reaction and Rh catalysis and demonstrates the new synthetic utility of aryl ketones as aryl sources for intermolecular arylation reactions.

Direct Fluorescence Evaluation of d-Amino Acid Oxidase Activity Using a Synthetic d-Kynurenine Derivative.

d-Amino acid oxidase (DAO) has been suggested to be associated with the central nervous system diseases, such as schizophrenia. We newly synthesized a nonfluorescent 5-methylthio-d-kynurenine (MeS-d-KYN), which was converted to blue-fluorescent 6-MeS-kynurenic acid (MeS-KYNA, λ = 364 nm, λ = 450 nm) through a one-step reaction by incubation with DAO. It was revealed that fluorescence intensity increased accompanied by commercial porcine kidney DAO activity (unit) with a good correlation ( = 0.

Associations between diabetes duration and self-stigma development in Japanese people with type 2 diabetes: a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data.

Objectives: To examine the associations between self-stigma and diabetes duration in a sample of Japanese people with type 2 diabetes.

Design: A secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study.

Setting: Two university hospitals, one general hospital and one clinic in Tokyo, Japan.