Retinal changes in multiple sclerosis: An optical coherence tomography and angiography study.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with neuroaxonal damage. It is the principal driver of non-traumatic disability in young adults. Visual symptoms are common and optic neuritis (ON) may be the revealing feature in up to 30% of cases.

Bilateral central retinal vein occlusion following COVID-19 vaccination: Cause or coincidence?

Aim: To report a case of sequential bilateral ischemic central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) following the third dose of anti-COVID 19 vaccination.

Methods: Observational case report.

Results: A 73-year-old Caucasian male patient, with no known medical history, complained of sudden vision loss in his right eye (RE) 18 days following the third dose of Pfizer-BioNTech anti-COVID 19 vaccination.

Central retinal artery occlusion after spinal surgery: Case report and literature review.

Aim: To report a rare case of unilateral central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) following spinal surgery.

Methods: Observational case report.

Results: A 15-year-old female patient underwent scoliosis surgery under general anesthesia in a prone position, her head being supported by a horseshoe headrest for approximately four hours, with stable vitals and without significant blood loss during surgery.