Community assembly modeling of microbial evolution within Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Mathematical modeling of somatic evolution, a process impacting both host cells and microbial communities in the human body, can capture important dynamics driving carcinogenesis. Here we considered models for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), a cancer that has dramatically increased in incidence over the past few decades in Western populations, with high case fatality rates due to late-stage diagnoses. Despite advancements in genomic analyses of the precursor Barrett's esophagus (BE), prevention of late-stage EAC remains a significant clinical challenge.

Infection Tracing and Virus Genomic Analysis of Two Cases of Human Infection with Avian Influenza A(H5N6) - Fujian Province, China, April-May 2024.

What Is Known About This Topic?: Global human cases of zoonotic influenza A(H5N6) have increased significantly in recent years, primarily due to widespread circulation of clade 2.3.4.

Path analysis of factors influencing length of stay and hospitalisation expenses for oral cancer patients in tertiary hospitals in southeastern China: a cross-sectional study.

Aims: To investigate the associations between influencing factors with length of stay (LOS) and hospitalisation expenses in oral cancer (OC) patients, and to explore the potential pathways through which these factors influence hospitalisation expenses using path analysis.

Design: Cross-sectional.

Setting: A comprehensive tertiary hospital in southeastern China.

Causal Effects of Air Pollution, Noise, and Shift Work on Unstable Angina and Myocardial Infarction: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Cardiovascular disease continues to be a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality, with environmental and occupational factors such as air pollution, noise, and shift work increasingly recognized as potential contributors. Using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, this study investigates the causal relationships of these risk factors with the risks of unstable angina (UA) and myocardial infarction (MI). Leveraging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as genetic instruments, a comprehensive MR study was used to assess the causal influence of four major air pollutants (PM, PM, NO, and NO), noise, and shift work on unstable angina and myocardial infarction.

Characterizing childhood trauma in individuals based on patterns of intrinsic brain connectivity.

Childhood maltreatment represents a strong psychological stressor that may lead to the development of later psychopathology as well as a heightened risk of health and social problems. Despite a surge of interest in examining behavioral, neurocognitive, and brain connectivity profiles sculpted by such early adversity over the past decades, little is known about the neurobiological substrates underpinning childhood maltreatment. Here, we aim to detect the effects of childhood maltreatment on whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in a cohort of healthy adults and to explore whether such RSFC profiles can be used to predict the severity of childhood trauma in subjects based on a data-driven connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM).