Effects of proximal ventricular septal pacing on hemodynamics and ventricular activation.

Recently the use of alternate site pacing to improve cardiac function in patients with bradyarrhythmias has increased. In the present study, hemodynamics of right ventricular septal pacing were studied in seven dogs. A bipolar screw-in lead and endocardial lead were placed in the proximal right ventricular septum and right ventricular apex, respectively.