Dextromethorphan Inhibits Osteoblast Differentiation and Bone Regeneration of Rats With Subcritical-Sized Calvarial Defects.

The glutamatergic signaling pathway, which is mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, is crucial for osteoblast differentiation and bone function. Dextromethorphan (DXM), a widely used antitussive, is a noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor. However, the effects of DXM on osteoblast and bone regeneration remain unclear.

Malignant Neoplasm of the Meninges: A 20-Year Retrospective Study to Assess Trends and Disparities in Place of Death.

Background: The site of death is a crucial factor associated with the tumor's progression and complications arising from it; therefore, analyzing nationwide patterns in place of death is essential. The present paper aims to evaluate the disparities in place of death for malignant neoplasm of the meninges using the CDC-WONDER (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging ONline Data for Epidemiologic Research) database over 22 years (1999-2020).

Methods: CDC-WONDER data from 1999 to 2020 were analyzed to investigate mortality trends related to malignant neoplasm of the meninges.

Effects of Etanercept on Experimental Osteoarthritis in Rats: Role of Histone Deacetylases.

Objective: Mounting evidence suggests that histone deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitors reduce cartilage destruction in animal models of osteoarthritis (OA). Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-blocking treatment for OA may provide effective joint protection by slowing joint damage. To investigate the effects of intraperitoneal administration of etanercept (a TNF-α inhibitor) on OA development in rats and changes in the nociceptive behavior of rats and expression of HDACs, RUNX2, and MMP13 in cartilage.

Local Magnesium Sulfate Administration Ameliorates Nociception, Peripheral Inflammation, and Spinal Sensitization in a Rat Model of Incisional Pain.

Objective: Postoperative pain remains one of the most common complaints after surgery, and appropriate treatments are limited.

Methods: We therefore investigated the effect of the anti-nociceptive properties of magnesium sulfate (MgSO), an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, on incision-induced postoperative pain and peripheral and central nervous system inflammation.

Results: We found that local MgSO administration dose-dependently increases paw withdrawal latency, indicating reduced peripheral postoperative pain.

Oral Administration of Protease-Soluble Chicken Type II Collagen Ameliorates Anterior Cruciate Ligament Transection-Induced Osteoarthritis in Rats.

This study investigated whether oral supplementation with protease-soluble chicken type II collagen (PSCC-II) mitigates the progression of anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT)-induced osteoarthritis (OA) in rats. Eight-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the following groups: control, sham, ACLT, group A (ACLT + pepsin-soluble collagen type II collagen (C-II) with type I collagen), group B (ACLT + Amano M-soluble C-II with type I collagen), group C (ACLT + high-dose Amano M-soluble C-II with type I collagen), and group D (ACLT + unproteolyzed C-II). Various methods were employed to analyze the knee joint: nociceptive tests, microcomputed tomography, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry.