Mouse models used to test the role of reactive oxygen species in aging and age-related chronic diseases.

With the development of the technology to generate transgenic and knockout mice in the 1990s, investigators had a powerful tool to directly test the impact of altering a specific gene on a biological process or disease. Over the past three decades, investigators have used transgenic and knockout mouse models, which have altered expression of antioxidant genes, to test the role of oxidative stress/damage in aging and age-related diseases. In this comprehensive review, we describe the studies using transgenic and knockout mouse models to test the role of oxidative stress/damage in aging (longevity) and three age-related diseases, e.

Characterizing age-related changes in intact mitochondrial proteoforms in murine hearts using quantitative top-down proteomics.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, and the prevalence of CVDs increases markedly with age. Due to the high energetic demand, the heart is highly sensitive to mitochondrial dysfunction. The complexity of the cardiac mitochondrial proteome hinders the development of effective strategies that target mitochondrial dysfunction in CVDs.

Emerging interactions between mitochondria and NAD metabolism in cardiometabolic diseases.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an essential coenzyme for redox reactions and regulates cellular catabolic pathways. An intertwined relationship exists between NAD and mitochondria, with consequences for mitochondrial function. Dysregulation in NAD homeostasis can lead to impaired energetics and increased oxidative stress, contributing to the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic diseases.

One-Step Phase Separation and Mineralization Fabrication of Membranes for Oily Wastewater Treatment.

Oily wastewater threatens the environment and the human health. Membrane technology offers a simple and efficient alternative to separating oil and water. However, complex membrane modifications are usually employed to optimize the separation performance.