China's goal to achieve carbon (C) neutrality by 2060 requires scaling up photovoltaic (PV) and wind power from 1 to 10-15 PWh year (refs. ). Following the historical rates of renewable installation, a recent high-resolution energy-system model and forecasts based on China's 14th Five-year Energy Development (CFED), however, only indicate that the capacity will reach 5-9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEstablishing mineral dust impacts on Earth's systems requires numerical models of the dust cycle. Differences between dust optical depth (DOD) measurements and modelling the cycle of dust emission, atmospheric transport, and deposition of dust indicate large model uncertainty due partially to unrealistic model assumptions about dust emission frequency. Calibrating dust cycle models to DOD measurements typically in North Africa, are routinely used to reduce dust model magnitude.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe potential of mitigation actions to limit global warming within 2 °C (ref. ) might rely on the abundant supply of biomass for large-scale bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) that is assumed to scale up markedly in the future. However, the detrimental effects of climate change on crop yields may reduce the capacity of BECCS and threaten food security, thus creating an unrecognized positive feedback loop on global warming.
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