Publications by authors named "Y Assoumani"
Safety of single-dose bedaquiline combined with rifampicin for leprosy post-exposure prophylaxis: A Phase 2 randomized non-inferiority trial in the Comoros Islands.
PLoS Med
October 2024
Article Synopsis
- The World Health Organization recommends the use of single-dose rifampicin (SDR) for leprosy post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), potentially reducing leprosy risk by about 50% in contacts of patients.
- A Phase 2 trial tested a new PEP regimen that combines bedaquiline with rifampicin (BE-PEP) against the standard therapy (SDR-PEP), focusing on safety and QT interval changes in patients.
- The trial, involving 313 participants, demonstrated that BE-PEP did not significantly differ from SDR-PEP regarding QT interval changes after treatment, indicating comparable safety profiles between the two regimens.
Article Synopsis
- - Anti-mycobacterial drugs can cause QT interval prolongation, risking serious heart issues, but monitoring is tough in places with high rates of leprosy and tuberculosis.
- - The BE-PEOPLE trial assessed the safety of a bedaquiline regimen while measuring QT intervals before and after treatment using both mobile electrocardiogram (mECG) and standard methods.
- - Results showed that mECG is a feasible and accurate tool for QT interval tracking, with a strong correlation to traditional measurements, although automated readings were generally less precise.
Background: Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) using single-dose rifampicin reduces progression from infection with Mycobacterium leprae to leprosy disease. We compared effectiveness of different administration modalities, using a higher (20 mg/kg) dose of rifampicin-single double-dose rifampicin (SDDR)-PEP.
Methods: We did a cluster randomised study in 16 villages in Madagascar and 48 villages in Comoros.
Introduction: Leprosy, one of the oldest known human diseases, continues to pose a global challenge for disease control due to an incomplete understanding of its transmission pathways. Ticks have been proposed as a potential contributor in leprosy transmission due to their importance as vectors for other infectious diseases.
Methods: In 2010, a sampling of ticks residing on cattle was conducted on the islands Grande Comore, Anjouan, and Mohéli which constitute the Union of the Comoros where leprosy remains endemic.
Background: Expansion of antimicrobial resistance monitoring and epidemiological surveillance are key components of the WHO strategy towards zero leprosy. The inability to grow Mycobacterium leprae in vitro precludes routine phenotypic drug susceptibility testing, and only limited molecular tests are available. We evaluated a culture-free targeted deep sequencing assay, for mycobacterial identification, genotyping based on 18 canonical SNPs and 11 core variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) markers, and detection of rifampicin, dapsone and fluoroquinolone resistance-associated mutations in rpoB/ctpC/ctpI, folP1, gyrA/gyrB, respectively, and hypermutation-associated mutations in nth.
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