Impact and outcomes of hyperglycemia among post-operative children who underwent repair of congenital cardiac defects in a tertiary care setup of Pakistan.

Objective: To determine frequency of postoperative hyperglycemia in children who underwent repair of Congenital Cardiac Defects (CCDs) in a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan. The other objective was to compare outcomes in children with versus without postoperative hyperglycemia who underwent repair of CCDs in a tertiary care hospital of Pakistan.

Methods: A descriptive study was conducted at the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU), Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan from October 3, 2020, to April 2, 2021.

Key Features of Smart Medication Adherence Products: Updated Scoping Review.

Background: Older adults often face challenges in self-managing their medication owing to physical and cognitive limitations, complex medication regimens, and packaging of medications. Emerging smart medication dispensing and adherence products (SMAPs) offer the options of automated dispensing, tracking medication intake in real time, and reminders and notifications. A 2021 review identified 51 SMAPs owing to the rapid influx of digital technology; an update to this review is required.

Validation of Automated Data Extraction From the Electronic Medical Record to Provide a Pediatric Risk Assessment Score.

Background: Although the rate of pediatric postoperative mortality is low, the development and validation of perioperative risk assessment models have allowed for the stratification of those at highest risk, including the Pediatric Risk Assessment (PRAm) score. The clinical application of such tools requires manual data entry, which may be inaccurate or incomplete, compromise efficiency, and increase physicians' clerical obligations. We aimed to create an electronically derived, automated PRAm score and to evaluate its agreement with the original American College of Surgery National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP)-derived and validated score.

Neonatal Appendicitis With Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Acute appendicitis is an infrequent condition in neonates, especially in term infants. With around 100 cases in the last century and no specific diagnostic tool, this case report is an addition to the existing literature that helps in our understanding of the disease. A preterm infant who had greenish aspirates and dilated bowel loops on abdominal x ray and was treated on the lines of necrotizing enterocolitis failed to improve.

Human Cytomegalovirus Upregulates Expression of HCLS1 Resulting in Increased Cell Motility and Transendothelial Migration during Latency.

Human cytomegalovirus establishes a lifelong, latent infection in the human host and can cause significant morbidity and mortality, particularly, in immunocompromised individuals. One established site of HCMV latency and reactivation is in cells of the myeloid lineage. In undifferentiated myeloid cells, such as CD14+ monocytes, virus is maintained latently.