Postoperative delirium among elderly elective orthopedic patients in Addis Ababa Ethiopia: a multicentere longitudinal study.

Background: Delirium is a neurocognitive disorder characterized by an acute and relatively rapid decline in cognition, disturbance of consciousness, reduced ability to focus, and shift of attention. It mainly affects elderly patients with an incidence of about 8-23% after an operation. It frequently occurs between 24-hrs and 5 days after surgery.

A conserved role of IQGAP1 in regulating TOR complex 1.

Defining the mechanisms that control cell growth and division is crucial to understanding cell homeostasis, which impacts human diseases such as cancer and diabetes. IQGAP1, a widely conserved effector and/or regulator of the GTPase CDC42, is a putative oncoprotein that controls cell proliferation; however, its mechanism in tumorigenesis is unknown. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, the center of cell growth control, is commonly activated in human cancers, but has proved to be an ineffective clinical target because of an incomplete understanding of its mechanisms in cell growth inhibition.

IQGAP1 regulates cell proliferation through a novel CDC42-mTOR pathway.

Cell proliferation requires close coordination of cell growth and division to ensure constant cell size through the division cycles. IQGAP1, an effector of CDC42 GTPase has been implicated in the modulation of cell architecture, regulation of exocytosis and in human cancers. The precise mechanism underlying these activities is unclear.