Publications by authors named "Y A Cavayas"
Article Synopsis
- A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the proton-pump inhibitor pantoprazole on critically ill patients undergoing invasive ventilation, comparing it to a placebo.
- The trial included 4,821 patients and found that pantoprazole significantly reduced the incidence of clinically important upper gastrointestinal bleeding compared to placebo (1.0% vs. 3.5%).
- However, there was no significant difference in overall mortality rates at 90 days between the pantoprazole group (29.1%) and the placebo group (30.9%).
Background: is a non-fermenting, gram-negative bacteria that has previously been implicated in multiple nosocomial outbreaks through the use of contaminated medical devices and substances. This article reports on an outbreak of infections and colonizations, involving 11 patients from five acute care hospitals in Montréal, Canada.
Methods: One sample was not available for testing, but the remaining 10 isolates (91%) were sent for phylogenetic testing.
Background: In the past two decades, extracorporeal resuscitation (ECPR) has been increasingly used in the management of refractory cardiac arrest (CA) patients. Decision algorithms have been used to guide the care such patients, but the effectiveness of such decision-making tools is not well described. The aim of this study was to compare the rate of survival with a good neurologic outcome of patients treated with ECPR meeting all criteria of a clinical decision-making tool for the initiation of ECPR to those for whom ECPR was implemented outside of the algorithm.
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- Distributed computations enable efficient multi-institutional data analysis without the complications of data pooling, but existing methods lack essential features such as medical standards, user-friendly data visualizations, and privacy controls.
- The Collaborative Data Analysis (CODA) platform was developed to address these gaps, successfully implementing multi-modal federated learning using a public dataset across multiple Canadian hospitals, with open-source code released for broader use.
- By January 2023, CODA was deployed in 8 out of 9 hospitals and enrolled over 1 million patients; however, mapping data from outdated systems posed significant challenges, with future improvements planned for enhanced risk assessment and data migration tools.
Article Synopsis
- Early activity-based therapy (ABT) initiated within 48 hours post-trauma could prevent complications and improve outcomes for patients with spinal cord injuries, although this has not been previously tested in humans due to safety concerns.
- The PROMPT-SCI trial enrolled 15 adults with severe spinal cord injuries and involved 30-minute motor-assisted in-bed cycling sessions starting soon after early spinal surgery, assessing safety through vital sign monitoring.
- Results showed 66.6% of participants successfully completed a full session within 48 hours without adverse neurological effects, indicating that early ABT is both safe and feasible for these patients.