Efficacy and safety of Hyadex for treatment of vesicoureteral reflux: a multicenter experience.

Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dextranomer/cross-linked hyaluronic acid (Hyadex) in patients with a clinical diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).

Methods: In this cross-sectional multicenter observational study, Hyadex was used in four different centers for the endoscopic treatment of VUR from 2020 to 2022. The study involved 74 patients (93 renal units) who were diagnosed with VUR according to voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) findings and were considered suitable for subureteric endoscopic treatment.

The Efficacy of Combined Alarm Therapy Versus Alarm Monotherapy in the Treatment of Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis: A Review of Current Literature.

Primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis is a common clinical condition in childhood and affects the psychosocial development of the child. The management of this clinical condition, which includes the preschool and adolescence period, is very important for child development. Diagnostic evaluation should be performed in terms of diabetes mellitus, diabetes inspidus, neurogenic bladder, spinal anomalies, and congenital urogenital system anomalies.

The incidence of epididymal anomalies in the bilateral and unilateral cryptorchidism cases: A comparative study.

Objective: Our study was planned based on the hypothesis that epididymal anomalies may be more incidental and more severe in cases with bilateral undescended testicles compared to unilateral undescended cases. We also aimed to review the classifications of epididymal anomalies in the literature and to establish a simpler and clinically applicable classification in the present study.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we retrospectively reviewed 197 pediatric patients who had been operated for undescended testis between January 2014 and January 2018.

Vesicovaginal fistula repair experiences in a single center high volume of 33 years and necessity of cystostomy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to retrospectively examine the patients who underwent surgical treatment for vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) repair in our clinic, to evaluate our surgical preferences, success, and treatment results, to compare these with the literature, and firstly to reveal the necessity of cystostomy and its effect on treatment success.

Material And Methods: Between 1985 and 2018, a retrospective evaluation was performed on the records of 102 patients who underwent surgical treatment for VVF repair. All cases underwent a detailed physical examination and had their routine laboratory tests and imaging methods.

Expression of androgen receptor and estrogen receptor-beta in foreskin tissue of hypospadiac and healthy boys.

Objectives: This prospective study aimed to investigate the expression of the androgen receptor(AR) and the estrogen receptor-β (ER-β) in foreskint issues in boys with and without distal hypospadias.

Methods: Thirty boys with distal hypospadias were evaluated. Fifteen boys who under went elective circumcision over a period of 18 months served as the control group.

The effect of using ureteral access sheath for treatment of impacted ureteral stones at mid-upper part with flexible ureterorenoscopy: a randomized prospective study.

Background: The number of the studies made on the efficacy of flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) with ureteral access sheath (UAS) for impacted ureteral stones is limited. The aim of our study was to compare the efficacy and reliability of FURS in treatment of mid-upper impacted ureteral stones in cases where access is used or not.

Methods: Between January 2017 and June 2018, 131 adult patients who applied to our clinic with complaints of mid-upper impacted ureteral stones.

Evaluation of testicular catch-up growth in adolescent microsurgical varicocelectomy.

Objective: The incidence of varicocele is approximately 15% in adolecent men. Early treatment with varicocele is aimed to resolve testicular hypotrophy and ensure catch-up growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate ipsilateral catch-up growth rates relative to contralateral testicular growth in adolescents with varicocele undergoing microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy.

Posterior Urethral Polyp: First Holmium-YAG Laser Ablation on a 3-Month-Old Infant.

Background: Urethral polyps are rare benign pathologies seen in the male posterior urethra, more frequently originating from verumontanum. In this article, we aimed to discuss diagnosis and treatment of a urethral polyp causing hematuria and urinary infection in a 3-month-old male infant. This is the first case in the literature in which a urethral polyp is treated with Holmium yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) laser.

The role of FDG PET/CT in detection of distant metastasis in theinitial staging of breast cancer.

Background/aim: We aimed to evaluate the role of FDG PET/CT in the detection of extraaxillary regional nodal/distant metastasis in breast cancer patients and to assess the value of FDG PET/CT for detecting distant metastases in patient subgroups.

Materials And Methods: A total of 254 patients with breast cancer (248 female, 6 male) who underwent PET/CT for initial staging were enrolled. Patients were divided into four groups: Group 1 consisted of 154 patients diagnosed by tru-cut/core/FNAB, Group 2 comprised 32 patients diagnosed by excisional biopsy, Group 3 included 62 patients who had mastectomy-axillary lymph node dissection, and Group 4 consisted of 6 patients who had axillary lymph node metastasis diagnosed by excisional biopsy.

The determination of serum and urinary endocan concentrations in patients with bladder cancer.

Background Endocan (endothelial cell-specific molecule-1) is a proteoglycan and plays an important role in angiogenesis and inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate of serum and urinary concentrations of endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 in bladder cancer. Methods The study included 50 bladder cancer patients, 50 with urinary tract infection and 51 healthy volunteers.

Accuracy of FDG-PET/CT and paraneoplastic antibodies in diagnosing cancer in paraneoplastic neurological syndromes.

Objective: There is still no consensus about whether to perform PET/CT to detect carcinoma in paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) in patients with or without antibodies. The aim of this study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT and antibodies in patients with PNS.

Material And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients with clinically suspected PNS between 2008 and 2013.

The low levels of circulating hepatocyte growth factor in nephrolithiasis cases: independent from gene polymorphism.

Environmental and genetic factors are important in development of nephrolithiasis. In a recent study, it has been demonstrated that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has an anti-apoptotic effect and thus can reduce the adhesion of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals to renal epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the HGF serum levels and its two gene polymorphisms and possible association of the two in patients with nephrolithiasis.

The role of FDG-PET/CT in detecting unsuspected and unknown distant metastasis in the initial staging of NSCLC.

Background/aim: Our purpose in this retrospective study was to determine the ratio of unexpected [metastases within the coverage area of thorax computed tomography (CT)] and unknown (metastases out of the coverage area of thorax CT) metastases by positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) in patients with newly diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had no defined metastatic lesion, and to investigate the contribution of fludeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET/CT in metastasis staging.

Materials And Methods: A total of 567 patients (489 males and 78 females, mean age 60.9 ± 10.

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy under sedoanalgesia for treatment of kidney stones in infants: a single-center experience with 102 cases.

Object: We present the efficacy of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) therapy administered with sedoanalgesia in infants with kidney stones.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 102 patients aged 5-24 months who had kidney stones and received SWL therapy under sedoanalgesia using a Siemens Lithostar Modularis device. Patient and stone characteristics, therapy parameters, pain score, complications, discharge time, and follow-ups were registered and evaluated.

Primary vesical actinomycosis in a 23-year-old man.

Introduction. Actinomycosis can affect any organ of the body, although cutaneous fistulas are common in actinomycotic infections, and other organs such as the bladder are only rarely involved. Case Presentation.

Sildenafil reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat ovary: biochemical and histopathological evaluation.

Background/aims: To evaluate the effects of sildenafil on antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation and histopathological changes in ovarian tissue after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in a rat model.

Methods: A total of 18 adult female Wistar albino rats weighing 200-250 g were studied as follows: (1) control group: sham operation, (2) I/R group: 3 h of reperfusion after 3 h of ischemia and (3) I/R + sildenafil group: 3 h of reperfusion after 3 h of ischemia; half an hour before reperfusion, sildenafil (1.4 mg·kg(-1)) was given by oral gavage.

Is urinary kidney injury molecule-1 a noninvasive marker for renal scarring in children with vesicoureteral reflux?

Objective: To examine whether (1) levels of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), a transmembrane protein and biomarker for renal tubular damage, increase in children with of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), and (2) if KIM-1 predicts the grade of renal scarring in children with VUR.

Methods: The study included 59 VUR patients with renal scarring, 5 VUR patients without renal scarring and 25 healthy controls aged 1 to 17 years. Dimercaptosuccinic acid scans were performed for determination of scarring and graded by 3 independent, blinded pediatric urologists for renal scarring according to the Randomized Intervention for Children with VUR study criteria.

Diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted MRI in the detection of nonpalpable undescended testes: comparison with conventional MRI and surgical findings.

Objective: The aim of this feasibility study was to evaluate the role of diffusion-weighted MRI in the evaluation of nonpalpable undescended testes.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six boys with undescended testes underwent preoperative abdominal and pelvic MRI to identify the location of the testes. MRI included free-breathing diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with b values of 50, 400, and 800 s/mm(2), a T1-weighted turbo spin-echo sequence, and a T2-weighted fat-suppressed turbo spin-echo sequence.

Long-term efficacy and safety of interferon-alpha-2B in patients with mumps orchitis.

The aim of this study was to determine long-term efficacy and safety subcutaneous injection of interferon-alpha-2B in patients with mumps orchitis in terms of testicular volume and other testicular functions. Mumps orchitis was evaluated in 37 patients. Patients were hospitalized and administered 1 × 3,000,000 IU subcutaneous injection of interferon-alpha-2B daily for 7 days.

Diagnostic efficiency of multidetector computed tomography with multiplanar reformatted imaging and virtual cystoscopy in the assessment of bladder tumors after transurethral resection.

Purpose: In the assessment of recurrent bladder tumors, diagnostic efficiency of virtual cystoscopy carried out by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) was investigated and compared with the criterion standard of conventional cystoscopy.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-seven patients between 39 and 83 years who had undergone transurethral resection because of bladder tumors were assessed using virtual and conventional cystoscopy. Virtual cystoscopy was performed using a 16-MDCT (Aquilion, Toshiba Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) in the supine and prone positions.

Fetuin-A gene polymorphism in patients with calcium oxalate stone disease.

Objectives: To evaluate the association of fetuin-A polymorphisms with calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis. Fetuin-A is a circulating calcium-regulatory glycoprotein that inhibits extraosseous calcification.

Methods: Fetuin-A c.

The efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in children.

Technological advances in the design of shock wave lithotriptors have precipitated important changes in the management of urolithiasis in children. New generation lithotriptors have reduced the need for anesthesia, lowered hospitalization duration, and resulted in better fluoroscopic targeting reducing radiation exposure. Currently, shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) has become standard first line treatment for most renal and ureteral calculi in children.