Clinical impact of inappropriate DOAC dosing in atrial fibrillation: Insights from a real-world registry.

Background: A significant number of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) on direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) receives off-label or inappropriate doses. This study examines the prevalence, dosages, and clinical outcomes in AF-patients on DOAC therapy admitted to an emergency department (ED).

Methods: This retrospective single-center observational study utilized data from the Heidelberg Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (HERA-FIB), consecutively including patients with AF presenting to the ED of the University Hospital of Heidelberg from June 2009 to March 2020.

New 2-indolinone-indole hybrid compounds carrying a benzoyl moiety as tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

In this study, new 2-indolinone-indole hybrid compounds (4a-s) carrying a benzoyl moiety were synthesized and their cytotoxic effects were examined against pancreatic (MIA-PaCa-2) and colon (HT-29 and HCT-116) cancer cells by MTT assays. Most of the tested compounds exhibited a better inhibitory activity and safety profile than the reference standard sunitinib malate against MIA-PaCa-2 and HCT-116 cancer cells. Compound 4e displayed the greatest cytotoxic effect on HCT-116 cell with an IC value of 0.

Detection of Acromion Types in Shoulder Magnetic Resonance Image Examination with Developed Convolutional Neural Network and Textural-Based Content-Based Image Retrieval System.

The morphological type of the acromion may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of various pathologies, such as shoulder impingement syndrome and rotator cuff disorders. Therefore, it is important to determine the acromion's morphological types accurately and quickly. In this study, it was aimed to detect the acromion shape, which is one of the etiological causes of chronic shoulder disorders that may cause a decrease in work capacity and quality of life, on shoulder MR images by developing a new model for image retrieval in Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitors in Early- and Very Early-Onset Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Study.

: Early-onset breast cancer (EOBC), particularly in patients under 40, presents with distinct biological characteristics and worse survival outcomes compared to late-onset cases. Despite intensive treatments, EOBC patients, especially those with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative (HR+/HER2-) subtypes, show poorer prognosis. CDK4/6 inhibitors, combined with endocrine therapy (ET) have become the standard for HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer, yet younger patients are underrepresented in clinical trials.

Who Are Suitable Patients for Omitting Breast Surgery as an Exceptional Responder in Selected Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer After Neoadjuvant Systemic Treatment?

: Among breast cancer molecular types, HER2 positive and triple negative (TN) subtypes have the highest likelihood of pathological complete response (pCR), which is a surrogate marker for reduced recurrence and improved patient survival after neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NST). Preoperative pathological identification of these exceptional responders is a new era. Therefore, we aimed to determine the accuracy of trucut biopsy in identifying the exceptional responders in selected molecular subtypes of breast cancer patients.

Relationship Between Defect Volume and Comorbid Pathologies in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Myelomeningocele.

Aim: To determine sac volume based on radiological examinations in patients undergoing surgery for myelomeningocele (MMC) and to investigate the relationship of sac volume with hydrocephalus and Chiari malformation type 2 (CM) with a view to determining the optimum length of follow-up and recommend a treatment plan.

Material And Methods: The present study involved the retrospective review of radiologic examinations and medical files of 81 patients who underwent surgery for myelomeningocele between 2015 and 2022 in the neurosurgery clinic of Ankara Training and Research Hospital. Then, MMC sac volumes were measured and the statistical relationship of these measurements with the Evans Index, progressive enlargement of the ventricles after sac repair and CM was investigated.

Central Nervous System Involvement in Pediatric Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Case Report of Cerebellitis and Literature Review.

Autoimmune diseases are a heterogeneous group resulting from dysregulation or dysfunction of the immune system due to genetic predisposition and environmental triggers. It is common for these diseases to coexist. However, except for a single case secondary to varicella zoster virus infection, the association between juvenile idiopathic arthritis and acute cerebellitis has not been reported in the literature.

Neural plasticity in early potters: Shape analysis and TMS-EEG co-registration trace the rise of a new motor skill.

In this study, we explored the biocultural mechanisms underlying ancient craft behaviours. Archaeological methods were integrated with neuroscience techniques to explore the impact on neuroplasticity resulting from the introduction of early pottery techniques. The advent of ceramic marked a profound change in the economy and socio-cultural dynamics of past societies.

Investigating Sequence Variations in and Genes in Language Disorders.

Objective: Language disorder, a prevalent developmental disorder, impedes children's communication skills, with genetic and environmental factors playing pivotal roles in its pathomechanism. This study aims to investigate the involvement of sequence variations in and genes, along with environmental variables, in language disorder's etiology.

Methods: Between September 2022 and March 2023, thirty children aged 2-7 diagnosed with language disorders according to DSM-5 criteria, and evaluated using the Ankara Developmental Screening Inventory, were studied to identify genetic and environmental factors contributing to etiology.

Investigation of the Protective Effects of Dexmedetomidine, Midazolam, Propofol, and Intralipid on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats with Lidocaine-Induced Toxicity.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine, midazolam, propofol, and intralipid on lidocaine-induced cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity.

Methods: Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups (n = 8 per group): control (C), lidocaine (L), lidocaine + dexmedetomidine (LD), lidocaine + midazolam (LM), lidocaine + propofol (LP), and lidocaine + intralipid (LI). Dexmedetomidine (100 µg/kg), midazolam (4 mg/kg), propofol (40 mg/kg), and intralipid (10 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally as pretreatment.

Extracellular Matrix Alterations Due to Early-Life Adversity: Implications for Auditory Learning in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of early childhood chronic stress on the development of the brain extracellular matrix (ECM) and how alterations in the ECM following early-life adversity (ELA) affect auditory learning and cognitive flexibility. ELA was induced through a combination of maternal separation and neonatal isolation in male Sprague-Dawley rats, and the success of the ELA model was assessed behaviorally and biochemically. A cortex-dependent go/no-go task with two phases was used to determine the impact of ELA on auditory learning and cognitive flexibility.

The mediating roles of perceived social support and resilience in the relationship between earthquake anxiety and traumatic experiences among earthquake survivors in Turkey.

Background: The devastating earthquakes that struck Turkey have left profound psychological impacts on those affected, with anxiety and trauma being particularly prevalent. Understanding the factors that can mitigate these effects is important for developing effective interventions.

Objective: This study seeks to analyse the intermediary functions of perceived social support (PSS) and resilience within the correlations linking earthquake-induced anxiety and the occurrence of traumatic experiences after the seismic event in Turkey.

Decreased Structural Connectivity Between Thalamic Nuclei and Hippocampus in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy-A Diffusion Tensor Imaging-Based Study.

Background: Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) can lead to structural brain abnormalities, with thalamus atrophy being the most common extratemporal alteration. This study used probabilistic tractography to investigate the structural connectivity between individual thalamic nuclei and the hippocampus in TLE.

Methods: Thirty-six TLE patients who underwent pre-surgical 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 18 healthy controls were enrolled in this study.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of Nursing students: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There is an increased prevalence of mental health problems in various population groups as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences, especially regarding anxiety, stress, depression, fear, and sleep disturbances, require to be investigated longitudinally.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the impact that the COVID-19 pandemic had on the mental health of Nursing students, as well as to examine other associated factors such as anxiety, fear, sleep disturbances, and coping strategies.

Method: This systematic review and meta-analysis were designed following the PRISMA guidelines and were registered in PROSPERO with code CRD42024541904.

A comprehensive analysis of serotype-specific invasive capacity, clinical presentations, and mortality trends of invasive pneumococcal disease.

Background: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) reduced invasive disease, but the overall prevalence of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization among children has not changed significantly. Our knowledge of which serotypes, once colonized, hold a higher likelihood to cause invasive disease is limited.

Methods: Serotype-specific invasive capacity (IC) of Streptococcus pneumoniae was estimated using an enhanced population-based invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) surveillance in children <7 years of age in Massachusetts and surveillance of nasopharyngeal (NP) colonization in selected Massachusetts communities in corresponding respiratory seasons.

Unveiling Risk Profiles: A Latent Profile Analysis of 21st-Century Skills, Resistance to Change, and Cognitive Flexibility.

Objectives: Limited research utilized a person-centered approach in examining 21st-century skills. This study used latent profile analysis to explore the relationships between resistance to change, cognitive flexibility, and 21st-century skills, including creativity, cooperativity, critical thinking, communication, and problem-solving.

Materials And Methods: A convenience sampling approach was used to recruit 502 individuals (342 females; mean = 21.

Changes in Sleep Quality After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review.

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical procedure to improve the quality of life of patients with osteoarthritis. However, postoperative recovery can be difficult due to sleep disturbance, such as poor sleep quality, and postsurgical pain.

Purpose: The aim of this systematic review was to examine recent evidence regarding changes in sleep quality after TKA and to explore factors affecting the postoperative recovery process.

Infections among adults hospitalized in intensive care after the 2023 earthquake in the southeastern part of Türkiye: a multi-center observational study.

Background: Scarce evidence is available on the epidemiology of microbiologically proven clinical infections in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) after a great earthquake. The main aim of this study was to assess clinical infections and microbiological features in patients admitted to the ICU following the 2023 earthquake in the southeastern region of Türkiye with a focus on the timing of culture positivity during their ICU stay. The secondary objectives included determining antibiotic susceptibility patterns, identifying the types of antibiotics administered upon ICU admission, evaluating the appropriateness of antibiotic usage, assessing patient outcomes, and identifying factors that influence microbiologically confirmed clinical infections.

Postural Responses in Trauma-Experienced Individuals.

Balance and proprioception are essential elements in postural control and injury prevention. Proprioception, the body's sense of position and movement, is closely tied to balance, which depends on input from the visual, vestibular, and somatosensory systems. This article explores the link between trauma experiences and proprioceptive dysfunction, emphasizing how heightened muscle tone, dissociation, and altered sensory processing contribute to balance issues and the risk of injury.

Mediating role of psychological well-being in the effect of spirituality on attitudes toward death in the elderly.

Background: Spirituality and psychological well-being are important in shaping attitudes toward death.

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the mediating role of psychological well-being in the effect of spirituality on attitudes toward death in the elderly.

Method: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in a province of Turkey between February 2024 and June 2024 with 467 individuals aged 65 years and older.

Resource-efficient photonic networks for next-generation AI computing.

Current trends in artificial intelligence toward larger models demand a rethinking of both hardware and algorithms. Photonics-based systems offer high-speed, energy-efficient computing units, provided algorithms are designed to exploit photonics' unique strengths. The recent implementation of cellular automata in photonics demonstrates how a few local interactions can achieve high throughput and precision.

Reduced interhemispheric connectivity in traumatic brachial plexopathies after bionic reconstruction.

Traumatic brachial plexus lesions (TBPL) can lead to permanent impairment of hand function despite timely brachial plexus surgical treatment. In selected cases with no recovery of hand function, the affected forearm can be amputated and replaced by a bionic hand to regain prehensile function. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess (sub)cortical motor activity and functional connectivity changes after TBPL and bionic reconstruction.

The effect of educational intervention through sending emails on improving physical posture in female computer users of Eastern Iran: a quasi-experiment study.

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are among the most common occupational injuries and disabilities in developing and industrialized countries. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of e-mail training to improve the physical posture of female computer users at Birjand University of Medical Sciences in Iran.

Methods: The present interventional research explores the effect of email-based training to correct the body posture of female computer users in Birjand, Iran.

Effect of the modified NUTRIC score in predicting the prognosis of patients admitted to intensive care units.

Background: Nutritional deficiency is common in critically ill hospitalized patients. This condition may be aggravated by increased dietary requirements and deficiencies in nutrient absorption. This study aimed to evaluate the associations between the modified Nutritional Risk in Critically ill (mNUTRIC) score and mortality and morbidity in patients with sepsis.