Shikonin induced Apoptosis Mediated by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Shikonin is a naphthoquinone pigment isolated from the root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, which has displayed potent anti-tumor properties. However, the effects of shikonin in colorectal cancer cells have not been yet fully investigated. In this study, we demonstrated that shikonin significantly inhibited the activity of colorectal cancer cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner.

mRNA Network: Solution for Tracking Chemotherapy Insensitivity in Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has poor prognosis and is prone to drug resistance. It is necessary to search for possible influencing factors for SCLC chemotherapy insensitivity. Therefore, we proposed an mRNA network to track the chemotherapy insensitivity in SCLC.

Collection on reports of molecules linked to epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the process of treating metastasizing cancer: a narrative review.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a morphological process in which epithelial cells transform into mesenchymal cells via a specific procedure. EMT plays an important role in the cancer invasion-metastasis cascade and the current treatment of metastatic cancer, influences the migration, polarity, and adhesion of tumor cells, promotes their migration, invasiveness, anti-apoptotic ability. It contributes to the changes of the tumor microenvironment and suppresses the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapy, causing cancer metastasis and worse, hindering the control and therapy of it.

Aberrant methylation modifications reflect specific drug responses in small cell lung cancer.

In the study, Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing, RNA sequencing, and whole-exome sequencing were employed to clinical small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. Then, we verified the therapeutic predictive effects of differentially methylated genes (DMGs) in 62 SCLC cell lines. Of 4552 DMGs between chemo-sensitive and chemo-insensitive group, coding genes constituted the largest percentage (85.

acquired sorafenib-resistant patient-derived tumor model displays alternative angiogenic pathways, multi-drug resistance and chromosome instability.

Acquired resistance to targeted therapies is an important clinical challenge. Research focusing on acquired resistance is hindered by the lack of relevant model systems. In the present study, the generation and characterization of an acquired sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenograft model derived from a patient tumor is reported.

Establishing a patient-derived xenograft model of human myxoid and round-cell liposarcoma.

Myxoid and round cell liposarcoma (MRCL) is a common type of soft tissue sarcoma. The lack of patient-derived tumor xenograft models that are highly consistent with human tumors has limited the drug experiments for this disease. Hence, we aimed to develop and validate a patient-derived tumor xenograft model of MRCL.

Neuroprotection by Combined Administration with Maslinic Acid, a Natural Product from Olea europaea, and MK-801 in the Cerebral Ischemia Model.

Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity is a major cause of ischemic brain damage. MK-801 confers neuroprotection by attenuating the activation of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, but it failed in clinical use due to the short therapeutic window. Here we aim to investigate the effects of maslinic acid, a natural product from Olea europaea, on the therapeutic time window and dose range for the neuroprotection of MK-801.

Maslinic acid promotes synaptogenesis and axon growth via Akt/GSK-3β activation in cerebral ischemia model.

Maslinic acid, a natural pentacyclic triterpene from Olea europaea plants, possesses neuroprotective effects both in vivo and in vitro. However, the mechanism of its action is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the potential effects of maslinic acid on synaptogenesis and axonal regeneration, as well as the possible signal pathway involved in a cerebral ischemia mouse model.

Establishment and characterization of 7 novel hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines from patient-derived tumor xenografts.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer with poor prognosis worldwide and the molecular mechanism is not well understood. This study aimed to establish a collection of human HCC cell lines from patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. From the 20 surgical HCC sample collections, 7 tumors were successfully developed in immunodeficient mice and further established 7 novel HCC cell lines (LIXC002, LIXC003, LIXC004, LIXC006, LIXC011, LIXC012 and CPL0903) by primary culture.

HZ08 reverse the aneuploidy-induced cisplatin-resistance in Gastric cancer by modulating the p53 pathway.

We evaluated the influence of DNA aneuploidy on chemotherapy-resistance in human Gastric cancer cell MKN45; we also evaluated the reversal effects of HZ08 on these cells and then preliminary investigated the possible involved pathway. We made use of a pair of human Gastric cancer cell dip-MKN45 (diploid MKN45) and aneu-MKN45 (aneuploid MKN45). Growth inhibition in response to chemotherapeutic drugs was evaluated by CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability assay and clone formation assay.

Transactivation of the human NME5 gene by Sp1 in pancreatic cancer cells.

Non-metastatic cells 5 (NME5), a recently found gene belonging to the NDPK-like molecules gene family, is highly expressed in testis and some types of human cancer. Current studies have revealed diverse potential functions of NME5 and we have reported that NME5 is associated with innate resistance to gemcitabine in human pancreatic cancer cells in previous study. However, the mechanism underlying the transcriptional regulation of NME5 has not been elucidated yet.

Different neuroprotective responses of Ginkgolide B and bilobalide, the two Ginkgo components, in ischemic rats with hyperglycemia.

Ginkgo biloba extracts show neuroprotective effects during cerebral ischemia, but with various components, the mechanisms of action remain unclear. In this study, we tested the effects of Ginkgolide B (GB) and bilobalide (BB) on normoglycemic and hyperglycemic rats subjected to transient cerebral ischemia. Rats were administered p.

Intrinsic gemcitabine resistance in a novel pancreatic cancer cell line is associated with cancer stem cell-like phenotype.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) remains one of the most lethal malignancies in the world, often diagnosed at an advanced stage, resistant to conventional chemotherapy and having high invasive and metastatic potential. The mechanism of drug resistance of PDA is still not clear. In the present study, we established two novel pancreatic cancer cell lines PAXC-002 and PAXC-003 from human primary xenograft models.

Anti-inflammatory effects of maslinic acid, a natural triterpene, in cultured cortical astrocytes via suppression of nuclear factor-kappa B.

Maslinic acid (2-α, 3-β-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid) is a natural triterpenoid compound from Olea europaea. This compound prevents oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine generation in vitro. This study was planned to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of maslinic acid in central nervous system by using rat astrocyte cultures stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Maslinic acid, a natural triterpenoid compound from Olea europaea, protects cortical neurons against oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injury.

Maslinic acid is a triterpenoid compound present in plants of Olea europaea. This compound has been reported to have potent antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-HIV and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of maslinic acid and its mechanism of action.

Maslinic acid, a natural inhibitor of glycogen phosphorylase, reduces cerebral ischemic injury in hyperglycemic rats by GLT-1 up-regulation.

Maslinic acid (MA), a natural triterpene from Olea europaea L., is a well-known inhibitor of glycogen phosphorylase and elicits multiple biological activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of MA on focal cerebral ischemia in hyperglycemic rats.

Cytotoxic effect and apoptotic mechanism of tanshinone A, a novel tanshinone derivative, on human erythroleukemic K562 cells.

Tanshinone A is a novel derivative of phenanthrene-quinone extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza BUNGE, a traditional herbal medicine. Cytotoxic effect of tanshinone A was observed in this study. Additionally its mechanism of promoting apoptosis was also investigated.

Astrocytic glutamate transporter-dependent neuroprotection against glutamate toxicity: an in vitro study of maslinic acid.

The astrocytic glutamate transporters GLAST/EAAT1 and GLT-1/EAAT2 are crucial for the removal of glutamate from the synaptic cleft and are essential for maintaining a low concentration of extracellular glutamate in the brain. Enhanced transporter expression is neuroprotective. In the present study, we tested the neuropotective effects of maslinic acid, a natural product from the Olea europaea plant, on cultures of primary neurons from the cerebral cortex.

Effects of maslinic acid, a natural triterpene, on glycogen metabolism in cultured cortical astrocytes.

Maslinic acid (2- alpha,3- beta-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid) is a triterpenoid compound present in plants of Olea europaea. In the present study, we investigated the effect of maslinic acid on astrocytic glycogen metabolism. Glycogen phosphorylase (GP) activity in homogenates of cultured astrocytes was analyzed, and maslinic acid exhibited GP inhibition with an IC (50) value of 5.