Neoadjuvant darolutamide plus androgen deprivation therapy for high-risk and locally advanced prostate cancer: a multicenter, open-label, single-arm, phase II trial.

Propose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant treatment of darolutamide, a next-generation androgen receptor inhibitor, plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for patients with locally advanced prostate cancer (LAPC).

Methods: This single-arm, multicenter, open-label phase II trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05249712, 2022-01-01), recruited 30 localized high-risk/very high-risk prostate cancer (HRPCa/VHRPCa) patients from three centers in China between 2021 and 2023.

Combined PD-1 and IL-10 blockade reinvigorates mucosal CD8T exhaustion and relieves liver damage after intestinal ischemia reperfusion attack.

Currently, impairments in gut mucosal immunity following intestinal ischemia reperfusion (IR) remain unclear. Mucosal CD8T cells are critical for host defense against bacterial translocation from the gut lumen, and exhausted T cells lose robust effector functions. The present study was designed to verify the hypothesis that intestinal IR leads to mucosal CD8T cell exhaustion, and that reinvigoration of exhausted CD8T cell attenuates IR-induced bacterial translocation and liver damage.

Restoration of the Mucosal IgA Response by Improving CD4 T Pyroptosis Fails to Attenuate Gut Bacterial Translocation and Organ Damage After LPS Attack.

Background: Currently, the mechanisms of impaired gut mucosal immunity in sepsis remain unclear. Gut immunoglobulin A (IgA) is an important defense mechanism against invasive pathogens, and CD4 T cells regulate the IgA response.

Aim: We aimed to verify the hypothesis indicating that CD4 T pyroptosis induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leads to an impaired gut IgA response and subsequent bacterial translocation and organ damage.

UPLC-QTOF-MS-based lipidomic study of wedelolactone in acute colitis mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium.

Inflammatory bowel disease is a relapsing inflammatory disease seriously endanger human health. Wedelolactone (WED) is a major active ingredient from and has shown anti-inflammatory effects. However, the mechanism of WED in treating inflammatory colitis remains unknown.

A Mini Review on Fluid Topology Optimization.

Topology optimization holds great potential to achieve the best performance for various fluid-related applications like aircraft components and microfluidic mixers. This paper reviews comprehensively the technical progress of this field over the last decade from the viewpoint of structural expression. The density-based approach has been widely adopted to design structures due to its simple concept, ease of implementation, and robustness.

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone after induction chemoimmunotherapy for stage III NSCLC patients who did not undergo surgery: a single institution retrospective study.

Background: With remarkable success and few side effects, induction chemoimmunotherapy has been used to improve the prognosis of patients with resectable or potentially resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), even in stage III disease. However, for patients who are medically inoperable, unresectable or refuse surgery after induction chemoimmunotherapy, it is unclear whether patients should be treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (cCRT) or radiotherapy (RT) alone considering patient safety and tolerability. This study aimed to determine whether cCRT is safe and superior to RT alone after chemoimmunotherapy for stage III NSCLC.

Path sampling and integration method to calculate speckle patterns.

A stable speckle pattern is generated when a coherent beam illuminates a stationary scattering medium that contains numerous scatterers with fixed positions. To date, there has been no valid method to the best of our knowledge for calculating the speckle pattern of a macro medium with a large number of scatterers. Here, a new method based on possible path sampling with corresponding weights and coherent superposition is presented for the simulation of optical field propagation in a scattering medium and output speckle patterns.

Imaging and positioning through scattering media with double-helix point spread function engineering.

Significance: Double-helix point spread function (DH-PSF) microscopy has been developed for three-dimensional (3D) localization and imaging at super-resolution but usually in environments with no or weak scattering. To date, super-resolution imaging through turbid media has not been reported.

Aim: We aim to explore the potential of DH-PSF microscopy in the imaging and localization of targets in scattering environments for improved 3D localization accuracy and imaging quality.

Lipidomics Study of Sepsis-Induced Liver and Lung Injury under Anti-HMGB1 Intervention.

Sepsis usually leads to lethal multiorgan dysfunction including acute liver failure (ALF) and acute lung injury (ALI). This research sought to reveal the lipid alteration of anti-high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) treatment in sepsis-induced ALF and ALI by lipidomics. The cecal ligation and puncture-induced mouse model was established and the anti-HMGB1 neutralizing antibody was administrated.

Second generation androgen receptor antagonist, TQB3720 abrogates prostate cancer growth AR/GPX4 axis activated ferroptosis.

Prostate cancer (PCa) poses a great threat to humans. The study aimed to evaluate the potential of TQB3720 in promoting ferroptosis to suppress prostate cancer, providing a theoretical basis for PCa therapy. PCa cells and nude mice models were divided into TQB3720, enzalutamide (ENZ), and control groups.

Improvement of gut-vascular barrier by terlipressin reduces bacterial translocation and remote organ injuries in gut-derived sepsis.

Gut-vascular barrier (GVB) serves as the last barrier to limit the migration of intestinal toxins into the blood circulation. The efficacy of terlipressin (a vasopressin V1 receptor agonist) in reducing GVB and multiple organ damage in gut-derived sepsis is unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that, besides other intestinal barriers, GVB play a key role in gut-derived sepsis and terlipressin improve GVB damage and then reduce bacterial translocation and organ injuries.

UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-Based Plasma and Urine Metabolomics Contribute to the Diagnosis of Sepsis.

In this study, we aimed to identify potential metabolic biomarkers that can improve the diagnostic accuracy of sepsis. Sixty-six patients including 30 septic and 36 nonsepsis patients from an intensive care unit were recruited. The global plasma and urine metabolomic profiles were determined by ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based methodology.

Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Gut-Vascular Barrier Damage and Distant Hepatic Injury Following Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice.

Background: Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) challenge often results in gut barrier dysfunction and induces distant organ injury. Dexmedetomidine has been shown to protect intestinal epithelial barrier against I/R attack. The present study aims to investigate the degree to which intestinal I/R attack will contribute to gut-vascular barrier (GVB) damage, and to examine the ability of dexmedetomidine to minimize GVB and liver injuries in mice.

UPLC-MS-Based Serum Metabolic Profiling Reveals Potential Biomarkers for Predicting Propofol Responsiveness in Females.

Although previous studies have shown that certain factors interfere with the sensitivity of propofol, the mechanisms for interindividual variability in response to propofol remain unclear. This study aimed to screen the metabolites to predict patients' sensitivity to propofol and to identify metabolic pathways to explore possible mechanisms associated with propofol resistance. Sera from 40 female patients undergoing elective hysteroscopic surgery in a prospective cohort propofol study were obtained before the administration of propofol.

Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles from and its anticancer effect on liver cancer.

A novel gold nanoparticle (Do-AuNP) was successfully synthesized from water extracts of traditional Chinese medicine (DO) without using any extra chemicals regents. The physicochemical properties of Do-AuNPs were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The amount of DO extract on the AuNPs was about 13%.

HMGB1 signaling-regulated endoplasmic reticulum stress mediates intestinal ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute renal damage.

Background: Ischemia/reperfusion of the intestine often leads to distant organ injury, but the mechanism of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion-induced renal dysfunction is still not clear. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of acute renal damage after intestinal ischemia/reperfusion challenge and explore the role of released high-mobility group box-1 in this process.

Methods: Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 1.

Erratum: Antitumor activity of gambogic acid on NCI-H1993 xenografts via MET signaling pathway downregulation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.

Physicochemical properties of polysaccharides from Ligusticum chuanxiong and analysis of their anti-tumor potential through immunoregulation.

We investigated the extraction, purification, physicochemical properties and biological activity of Ligusticum chuanxiong polysaccharides (LCXPs). Two polysaccharide fractions (Ligusticum chuanxiong [LCX]P-1a and LCXP-3a) were obtained by DEAE Sepharose™ Fast Flow and Sephacryl™S-300 high resolution column chromatography. The results showed that the molecular weight of LCXP-1a and LCXP-3a was 11.

Immunomodulatory effects of a polysaccharide from Solanum nigrum Linne through TLR4-MyD88 signaling pathway.

Solanum nigrum Linne polysaccharide (SNLP), an active ingredient from Solanum nigrum Linne, has been proposed to inhibit tumor growth and display immunomodulatory activity. However, the molecular mechanism related to immune regulation remains unclear. In the present study, a homogeneous polysaccharide (SNLP-1) was extracted, the immune effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated.

Terlipressin relieves intestinal and renal injuries induced by acute mesenteric ischemia via PI3K/Akt pathway.

To date, the effect of vasopressin on organ damages after acute mesenteric ischemia (MI) remains poorly understood. To investigate the effect of terlipressin, a selective vasopressin V1 receptor agonist, versus norepinephrine on the intestinal and renal injuries after acute MI, and to explore the underlying mechanism of terlipressin. Acute MI model was produced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 1 hour.

Impact of Anxiety or Depression Symptoms on Propofol Requirements for Sedation in Females: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Mental disorders are thought to affect various clinical outcomes during the perioperative period. Among them, anxiety and depression are 2 of the most common types. However, the impacts of anxiety or depression on propofol requirements remain unclear.

HMGB1-associated necroptosis and Kupffer cells M1 polarization underlies remote liver injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats.

Reperfusion of the ischemic intestine often leads to drive distant organ injury, especially injuries associated with hepatocellular dysfunction. The precise molecular mechanisms and effective multiple organ protection strategies remain to be developed. In the current study, significant remote liver dysfunction was found after 6 hours of reperfusion according to increased histopathological scores, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)/aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, as well as enhanced bacterial translocation in a rat intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury model.

Long noncoding RNA LSINCT5 promotes endometrial carcinoma cell proliferation, cycle, and invasion by promoting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway HMGA2.

Background: A review of the evidence has indicated the critical role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LSINCT5 in a large number of human cancers. However, the mechanistic involvement of LSINCT5 in endometrial carcinoma (EC) is still unknown. Here the authors aim to characterize the expression status of LSINCT5 and elucidate its mechanistic relevance to EC.

Activation of PD-1 Protects Intestinal Immune Defense Through IL-10/miR-155 Pathway After Intestinal Ischemia Reperfusion.

Background: To date, mechanisms of intestinal immunoglobulin (Ig) dysfunction following intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) remain unclear. Programmed death 1 (PD-1) is associated with immune responses of lymphocytes.

Aim: We aimed to verify the hypothesis that activation of PD-1 may improve intestinal immune dysfunction by regulating IL-10/miR-155 production after intestinal IR injury.