Noninvasive molecular imaging using anti-Trop-2 aptamer for targeted therapy of small cell lung cancer.

Recent advancements in antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) targeting trophoblast surface cell antigen 2 (Trop-2) have brought important progress in the field of targeted therapy. This progress also holds promise for the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) as anti-Trop-2 therapy appears to have a safe and effective clinical activity in metastatic SCLC patients. However, effective treatments of anti-Trop-2 ADCs rely on the comprehensive assessment of Trop-2 expression at the tumor sites, SCLC exhibits intratumoral heterogeneity, making the accurate acquisition of histological biopsies a challenge.

Ultra-high pressure effectively inhibits the pro-inflammatory activity of thaumatin-like protein from Litchi chinensis: Insights from gut metabolism and theoretical investigation.

The prevention of widespread food intolerance is a challenging task. This paper investigated the effects of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) on inflammatory expression and gut metabolism of litchi thaumatin-like protein (LcTLP)-the causative component of litchi-induced food intolerances. Results demonstrated that the β-sheet of LcTLP decreased by 11.

Optimized Bubble Dynamics of 3D-Printed Electrodes for Enhanced Water Splitting.

Gas evolution plays an important role in water electrolysis, as sluggish bubble dynamics lead to blockage of active sites, reduced catalytic performance, and even detachment of the catalysts. In this work, we present a strategy to fabricate highly rough three-dimensional (3D)-printed Ni (3DPNi) electrodes with ordered flow channel structures, achieving exceptional catalytic performance through enhanced bubble detachment and transport dynamics. The rough surfaces enhance hydrophilic and aerophobic properties, suppressing bubble coalescence and accelerating bubble detachment dynamics.

Preclinical Evaluation of Ga-Labeled SL1 Aptamer for c-Met Targeted PET Imaging.

Tyrosine protein kinase c-Met, encoded by the Met gene, is a membrane-associated receptor tyrosine kinase that is often aberrantly expressed in a wide range of tumors. The development of imaging probes specifically targeting c-Met is critical for improving cancer diagnostics. In this study, we successfully designed and fabricated an aptamer molecular imaging probe ([Ga]Ga-NOTA-SL1) with high radiochemical purity (RCP), good stability , and high affinity for c-Met expressed tumors.

Unlocking the Potential of Keratin: A Comprehensive Exploration from Extraction and Structural Properties to Cross-Disciplinary Applications.

The rapid expansion of the livestock and poultry industry has led to a considerable increase in slaughter byproducts; however, exploring their potential applications still needs to be improved. These underutilized byproducts, which include nails, hides, skins, and bones, represent a significant loss of valuable biological resources. Among these materials, keratin has garnered considerable attention due to its unique properties as a natural biopolymer.

Dual-Tracer 18 F-FDG and 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT Imaging of Heterogeneous Phenotypes of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer for Predicting Response to Novel Hormone Therapy.

Purpose: This study evaluated interlesion heterogeneity in prostate cancer using dual-tracer imaging (PSMA and FDG) and explored its predictive value for novel hormone therapy (NHT).

Patients And Methods: A total of 205 prostate cancer patients (23 biochemical recurrences, 68 metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancers, 114 metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancers [mCRPC]) who underwent dual 18 F-FDG and 68 Ga-PSMA PET/CT imaging were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 62 mCRPC patients received NHT.

Along the gut-bone marrow signaling pathway: use of longan polysaccharides to regenerate blood cells after chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression.

Although it has been established that polysaccharides have an effect on bone marrow haematopoiesis, it remains unclear how polysaccharides regulate bone marrow haematopoiesis during absorption and metabolism . In this study, the effect of a longan polysaccharide of large molecular weight (TLPL) on the gut microbiota of mice and its implications for the haematopoietic process in bone marrow was discussed. Here, the results show that after 21 days of TLPL consumption, the respective quantities of white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin and bone marrow nucleated cells were determined to be 3.

High hydrostatic pressure reduces inflammation induced by litchi thaumatin-like protein via altering active domain.

Thaumatin-like proteins (TLP), existing in various fruits, have allergenic and pro-inflammatory activities. The current research attempts to reduce the pro-inflammatory activity of litchi TLP (LcTLP) through high hydrostatic pressure (HHP). This study demonstrated that HHP (250-500 MPa, 5-10 min) was a potential technique to reduce the pro-inflammatory activity of LcTLP, which was attributed to the irreversible destruction of the active domain, ie.

Stabilizing NiFe sites by high-dispersity of nanosized and anionic Cr species toward durable seawater oxidation.

Electrocatalytic H production from seawater, recognized as a promising technology utilizing offshore renewables, faces challenges from chloride-induced reactions and corrosion. Here, We introduce a catalytic surface where OH dominates over Cl in adsorption and activation, which is crucial for O production. Our NiFe-based anode, enhanced by nearby Cr sites, achieves low overpotentials and selective alkaline seawater oxidation.

Multi-frequency ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction of coconut paring oil from coconut by-products: Impact on the yield, physicochemical properties, and emulsion stability.

Extraction of coconut paring oil (CPO) from processing by-products adds value to the product and reduces resource wastage. This study aims to assess the impact of 20 kHz, 20/80 kHz and 20/40/80 kHz of multi-frequency ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction (MFUAEE) on the yield, physicochemical properties, fatty acid composition, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and emulsion stability of CPO derived from wet coconut parings (WCP). Results revealed that the CPO extraction yield with MFUAEE was 32.

HACD3 Prevents PB1 from Autophagic Degradation to Facilitate the Replication of Influenza A Virus.

Influenza A virus (IAV) continues to pose serious threats to the global animal industry and public health security. Identification of critical host factors engaged in the life cycle of IAV and elucidation of the underlying mechanisms of their action are particularly important for the discovery of potential new targets for the development of anti-influenza drugs. Herein, we identified Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydratase 3 (HACD3) as a new host factor that supports the replication of IAV.

Insight into the multi-scale structure and retrogradation of corn starch by partial gelatinization synergizing with epicatechin/epigallocatechin gallate.

Starch retrogradation is of great importance to the quality of starch-based food. This study investigated the effect of partial gelatinization (PG) synergizing with polyphenol (epicatechin, EC; epigallocatechin gallate, EGCG) on the multi-scale structure and short/long-term retrogradation of corn starch (CS). The PG synergizing with EC/EGCG substantially suppressed the short/long-term retrogradation properties of CS.

Comprehensive insights into the effects of acidogenic off-gas utilization on successive biogas production, microbial community structure and metabolite distribution during two-stage anaerobic digestion.

Although two-stage anaerobic digestion (TSAD) technology has been investigated, the mechanisms regarding the impact of acidogenic off-gas (AOG) on successive methane production have not been well addressed. In this study, a novel TSAD system was designed. Food waste, as the main substrate, was co-digested with chicken manure and corn straw.

A-type proanthocyanidins: Sources, structure, bioactivity, processing, nutrition, and potential applications.

A-type proanthocyanidins (PAs) are a subgroup of PAs that differ from B-type PAs by the presence of an ether bond between two consecutive constitutive units. This additional C-O-C bond gives them a more stable and hydrophobic character. They are of increasing interest due to their potential multiple nutritional effects with low toxicity in food processing and supplement development.

Litchi pulp-derived gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) extract counteracts liver inflammation induced by litchi thaumatin-like protein.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the predominant amino acid in litchi pulp, known for its neuroregulatory effects and anti-inflammatory properties. Although previous research has highlighted the pro-inflammatory characteristics of litchi thaumatin-like protein (LcTLP), interplay between GABA and LcTLP in relation to inflammation remains unclear. This study aims to explore the hepatoprotective effects of the litchi pulp-derived GABA extract (LGE) against LcTLP-induced liver inflammation in mice and LO2 cells.

Arming Amorphous NiMoO on Nickel Phosphide Enables Highly Stable Alkaline Seawater Oxidation.

Seawater electrolysis holds tremendous promise for the generation of green hydrogen (H). However, the system of seawater-to-H faces significant hurdles, primarily due to the corrosive effects of chlorine compounds, which can cause severe anodic deterioration. Here, a nickel phosphide nanosheet array with amorphous NiMoO layer on Ni foam (NiP@NiMoO/NF) is reported as a highly efficient and stable electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline seawater.

Mendelian randomization analysis demonstrates the causal effects of IGF family members in diabetes.

Background: Observational studies have consistently shown significant associations between the IGF family and metabolic diseases, including diabetes. However, these associations can be influenced by confounding factors and reverse causation. This study aimed to assess the causal relationship between the IGF family and diabetes using Mendelian randomization (MR).

Allergen sensitization study in Dongying, China: An epidemiological study.

Background: To explore the relationship between specific immunoglobulin E levels in response to prevalent pollen and food allergens among patients suffering from localized allergic diseases in the Dongying area of China, and to analyze the interconnectivity among these factors.

Methods: This research encompassed allergic patients who visited the Allergy Department of Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital from January 2022 to January 2023. We examined the specific immunoglobulin E levels in the blood of 230 patients utilizing the Fobock platform provided by Jiangsu Haoeubo Company.

Gallic acid forms V-amylose complex structure with starch through hydrophobic interaction.

This study aimed to investigate the role of amylose and amylopectin in the formation of starch-polyphenol complex and elucidate the interaction mechanisms. Gallic acid (GA) was used to complex with maize starch with various amylose contents. Results showed GA formed V-type crystals with normal maize starch (NMS) and high amylose maize starch (HAMS), while higher relative crystallinity was exhibited in HAMS-GA complexes than NMS counterparts.

Potential of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) in functional food: A review of molecular mechanism-directing health benefit properties.

Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) has received widespread attention worldwide as a therapeutic food with nutritional, economic, and medicinal value. Its fruit, seed, pericarp, and flower becoming dietary tools for health maintenance when it comes to targeting chronic diseases or sub-health conditions.

Insight into the improvement in pasting and gel properties of waxy corn starch by critical melting treatments.

To improve the pasting and gel properties of waxy corn starch (WCS), the native starch was modified by critical melting (CM) at the onset temperature (T), peak temperature (T), and conclusion temperature (T) (labeled CMO, CMP, and CMC respectively). CM treatments significantly enhanced the thermal stability of the WCS, as indicated by the increase in the peak gelatinization temperature, pasting temperature, and peak time. In addition, after CMP treatment, the storage modulus, hardness, gumminess, springiness, and chewiness of starch gels significantly increased by 43.

FeO nanoparticle-decorated 3D pinewood-derived carbon for high-efficiency electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia.

Electrochemical nitrate (NO) reduction is a sustainable pathway for ambient ammonia (NH) synthesis while eliminating NO pollutants in water. However, the NO reduction reaction (NORR) involves a complicated eight-electron transfer process, which needs highly selective and efficient electrocatalysts. This work describes the synthesis of FeO nanoparticle-decorated 3D pinewood-derived carbon (FeO/PC) as a high-efficiency catalyst for the electroreduction of NO to NH at ambient reaction conditions.

Acetylation at the O-6 position of t-Glc improved immunoactivity of α-1,6-glucan from longan by additionally activating Dectin-1 and CD14 receptors.

Acetylation is an important approach to improve the bioactivity of polysaccharides; however, the mechanisms have not been fully understood. As a key component of longan for exerting health promoting function, longan polysaccharide was hypothesized may achieve elevated immunoregulatory activity after acetylation. A bioactive longan polysaccharide (LP) composed of (1 → 6)-α-d-glucan (84.