Rational design of nanoscale stabilized oxide catalysts for OER with OC22.

The efficiency of H production water electrolysis is limited by the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER). As such, significant emphasis has been placed upon improving the rate of OER through the anode catalyst. More recently, the Open Catalyst 2022 (OC22) framework has provided a large dataset of density functional theory (DFT) calculations for OER intermediates on the surfaces of oxides.

A Self-Supervised Deep Learning Method for Seismic Data Deblending Using a Blind-Trace Network.

The simultaneous-source technology for high-density seismic acquisition is a key solution to efficient seismic surveying. It is a cost-effective method when blended subsurface responses are recorded within a short time interval using multiple seismic sources. A following deblending process, however, is needed to separate signals contributed by individual sources.

Altered Jagged1-Notch1 Signaling in Enhanced Dysfunctional Neovascularization and Delayed Angiogenesis After Ischemic Stroke in HFD/STZ Induced Type 2 Diabetes Rats.

Diabetes exacerbates brain damage in cerebral ischemic stroke. Our previous study has demonstrated that after cerebral ischemia, type 2 diabetes rats displayed worse neurological outcomes, larger cerebral infarction and severer blood-brain barrier disruption. However, our knowledge of the mechanisms of how diabetes impacts the cerebrovascular repair process is limited.

Clarifying the effects of diabetes on the cerebral circulation: Implications for stroke recovery and beyond.

Given the sheer increased number of victims per year and the availability of only one effective treatment, acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains to be one of the most under-treated serious diseases. Diabetes not only increases the incidence of ischemic stroke, but amplifies the ischemic damage, upon which if patients with diabetes suffer from stroke, he/she will confront increased risks of long-term functional deficits. The grim reality makes it a pressing need to intensify efforts at the basic science level to understand how diabetes impairs stroke recovery.

Mild hypothermia alleviates diabetes aggravated cerebral ischemic injury via activating autophagy and inhibiting pyroptosis.

Diabetic patients manifest with more severe neurological deficits than non-diabetes after ischemic stroke. It has been shown that hypothermia has neuroprotective effects on cerebral ischemia, but whether it is effective for cerebral ischemia in diabetic patients remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether hypothermia can alleviate cerebral ischemic injury in diabetic rats and the regulation of autophagy and pyroptosis of the treatment.

Decreased vesicular acetylcholine transporter related to memory deficits in epilepsy: A [ F] VAT positron emission tomography brain imaging study.

Objective: Vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) is a rate-limiting factor for synaptic acetylcholine transport. Our study focused on whether [ F] VAT, a novel positron emission tomography (PET) tracer, could be used in detecting cognitive deficits in epilepsy.

Methods: Morris water maze test was used to evaluate learning and memory deficits in pilocarpine-induced chronic epilepsy rats 12 weeks after status epilepticus.

Therapeutic time window and regulation of autophagy by mild hypothermia after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats.

Although recent studies have shown that mild hypothermia has neuroprotective effects on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), the therapeutic time window of the therapy and the role of autophagy as a potential neuroprotective mechanism remain unclear. This study was aimed to investigate the appropriate time window of mild hypothermia and the regulation of autophagy during the treatment in a rat model of autologous blood-injected ICH injury. The rats were divided into Sham, normothermic (NT) and hypothermic (HT) groups.

Vascular Remodeling, Oxidative Stress, and Disrupted PPAR Expression in Rats of Long-Term Hyperhomocysteinemia with Metabolic Disturbance.

Hyperhomocysteinemia, a risk factor for vascular disease, is associated with metabolic syndrome. Our study was aimed at exploring the effect of long-term hyperhomocysteinemia with metabolic disturbances on vascular remodeling. We also studied oxidative stress and expression of PPAR in the coronary arteriole as a possible mechanism underlying vascular remodeling.

Mild hypothermia protects rat neuronal injury after intracerebral hemorrhage via attenuating endoplasmic reticulum response induced neuron apoptosis.

Background And Purpose: Mild hypothermia has been proved to reduce global and focal cerebral ischemic injury in rodents by preventing cellular apoptosis through several pathways. However, whether hypothermia will be beneficial for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and its underlying mechanisms haven't reached a consensus. It has been implicated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a role in the secondary injury after ICH in rats.

Acute phase homocysteine related to severity and outcome of atherothrombotic stroke.

Background: Homocysteine (HCY) is associated with risk of stroke, but whether HCY affects stroke severity and prognosis remains controversial. We hypothesized HCY has an impact on atherothrombosis and this prospective study was aimed to explore the association between acute phase HCY with stroke severity and outcome in patients with atherothrombosis.

Methods: Patients <72 h after symptom onset were categorized by the modified Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) classification and those typed as atherothrombosis were included.

Embedding topic discovery in conditional random fields model for segmenting nuclei using multispectral data.

Segmentation of cells/nuclei is a challenging problem in 2-D histological and cytological images. Although a large number of algorithms have been proposed, newer efforts continue to be devoted to investigate robust models that could have high level of adaptability with regard to considerable amount of image variability. In this paper, we propose a multiclassification conditional random fields (CRFs) model using a combination of low-level cues (bottom-up) and high-level contextual information (top-down) for separating nuclei from the background.

Multispectral microscopy and cell segmentation for analysis of thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology smears.

This paper discusses the needs for automated tools to aid in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules based on analysis of fine needle aspiration cytology smears. While conventional practices rely on the analysis of grey scale or RGB color images, we present a multispectral microscopy system that uses thirty-one spectral bands for analysis. Discussed are methods and results for system calibration and cell delineation.