Tamaractam, a New Bioactive Lactam from Tamarix ramosissima, Induces Apoptosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes.

Chemical investigation of Ledeb, a traditional herbal medicine used for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment in northwest China, led to the discovery of a new phenolic aromatic rings substituted lactam, tamaractam (), together with the previously reported compounds --feruloyl-3--methyldopamine () and --feruloyl-3--methyldopamine (). The structures of the compounds were determined by high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HRESIMS) and 1D and 2D-NMR experiments, as well as comparison with the literature data. The effects of the three compounds on the viability of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2--tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Resveratrol inhibits oligomeric Aβ-induced microglial activation via NADPH oxidase.

Microglia‑mediated neuroinflammation is key in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Several studies have suggested that NADPH oxidase contributes to microglia‑mediated neuroinflammation. Resveratrol, which is a natural polyphenolic compound, exerts neuroprotective effects in AD due to its anti‑inflammatory properties.

Trichodimerol and sorbicillin induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells is mediated by reactive oxygen species.

In this study, two secondary metabolite compounds, trichodimerol and sorbicillin were isolated from the mycelial mass of the marine fungus Trichothecium sp.. It was found that trichodimerol and sorbicillin exhibited strong cytotoxic activity with IC50 values from 6.