Combined texture analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with histogram analysis of diffusion kurtosis imaging for predicting IDH mutational status in gliomas.

Background: Non-invasive detection of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutational status in gliomas is clinically meaningful for molecular stratification of glioma; however, it remains challenging.

Purpose: To investigate the usefulness of texture analysis (TA) of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and histogram analysis of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) maps for evaluating IDH mutational status in gliomas.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 84 patients with histologically confirmed gliomas, comprising IDH-mutant (n = 34) and IDH-wildtype (n = 50).

Diffusion-relaxation correlation spectrum imaging for predicting tumor consistency and gross total resection in patients with pituitary adenomas: a preliminary study.

Objective: To evaluate the ability of diffusion-relaxation correlation spectrum imaging (DR-CSI) to predict the consistency and extent of resection (EOR) of pituitary adenomas (PAs).

Methods: Forty-four patients with PAs were prospectively enrolled. Tumor consistency was evaluated at surgery as either soft or hard, followed by histological assessment.

Temporal changes in plaque characteristics after treatment and their relationship with stroke recurrence: a quantitative study using magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is the major cause of ischemic stroke. Despite aggressive medical therapy, around 15% of patients with ICAD experience recurrence. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the temporal changes in intracranial arteriosclerotic plaques after medical treatment based on vessel wall magnetic resonance imaging (VWMRI) and to explore their relationship with stroke recurrence.

Highly accelerated compressed sensing time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography may be reliable for diagnosing head and neck arterial steno-occlusive disease: a comparative study with digital subtraction angiography.

Introduction: We aimed to investigate the utility of compressed sensing time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (CS TOF-MRA) for diagnosing intracranial and cervical arterial stenosis by using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as the reference standard.

Methods: Thirty-seven patients with head and neck arterial stenoses who underwent CS TOF-MRA and DSA were retrospectively enrolled. The reconstructed resolution of CS TOF-MRA was 0.

Texture Analysis of High b-Value Diffusion-Weighted Imaging for Evaluating Consistency of Pituitary Macroadenomas.

Background: Preoperative evaluation of the consistency of pituitary macroadenomas is important for neurosurgeons to prepare the surgical plan.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of texture analysis (TA) of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) at a standard b-value (b = 1000 s/mm ) and a high b-value (b = 2000 s/mm ) for their ability to assess the tumor consistency of pituitary macroadenomas.

Study Type: Retrospective.

Application of Monochromatic Imaging and Metal Artifact Reduction Software in Computed Tomography Angiography after Treatment of Cerebral Aneurysms.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the image quality and degree of metal artifact reduction using the new-generation gemstone spectral imaging (GSI) and metal artifact reduction software (MARs) and to demonstrate the optimal monochromatic energy level for dual-energy cerebral computed tomography angiography (CTA) in patients with intracranial aneurysm after endovascular treatment.

Material And Methods: A total of 20 patients with cerebral aneurysms treated with coils or clips underwent CTA using gemstone spectral computed tomography. Artifact index was calculated at each energy level with and without MARs.

Plasma homocysteine levels and intracranial plaque characteristics: association and clinical relevance in ischemic stroke.

Background: Elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke. This study aimed to evaluate the association between Hcy levels and intracranial plaque characteristics and to investigate their clinical relevance in ischemic stroke.

Methods: Ninety-four patients with intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) were enrolled.

Intergrating conventional MRI, texture analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, and susceptibility weighted imaging for glioma grading.

Background: The application of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in glioma grading is limited and non-specific.

Purpose: To investigate the application values of MRI, texture analysis (TA) of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and intratumoral susceptibility signal (ITSS) on susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI), alone and in combination, for glioma grading.

Material And Methods: Fifty-two patients with pathologically confirmed gliomas who underwent DCE-MRI and SWI were enrolled in this retrospective study.

Plaque Distribution and Characteristics in Low-Grade Middle Cerebral Artery Stenosis and Its Clinical Relevance: A 3-Dimensional High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Objectives: The significance of atherosclerotic plaques in the parental artery with low-grade stenosis remains undetermined. We used three-dimensional high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (3D HR-MRI) to investigate plaque distribution and characteristics of low-grade middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis and its clinical relevance with stroke events.

Methods: We retrospectively studied 22 symptomatic patients and 24 asymptomatic patients with low-grade MCA stenosis (<50%).

Ectopic meningioma in a patient with neurofibromatosis Type 2: a case report and review of the literature.

Ectopic meningioma occurring in the region of parapharyngeal space is rare in clinical practice and brings great challenge in its diagnosis. This report details such a case in a 14-year-old girl with neurofibromatosis Type 2, which is a highly infrequent association. The clinical manifestations, imaging findings, and pathological manifestations are described, and the relevant literature is reviewed to highlight characteristic imaging findings of ectopic meningiomas.

MRI of plaque characteristics and relationship with downstream perfusion and cerebral infarction in patients with symptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis.

Background: Intracranial plaque characteristics are associated with stroke events. Differences in plaque features may explain the disconnect between stenosis severity and the presence of ischemic stroke.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between plaque characteristics and downstream perfusion changes, and their contribution to the occurrence of cerebral infarction beyond luminal stenosis.

Orbital benign and malignant lymphoproliferative disorders: Differentiation using semi-quantitative and quantitative analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

Objectives: To assess the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging (DCE-MRI) in differentiating benign from malignant orbital lymphoproliferative disorders (OLPDs).

Methods: Thirty-nine patients with orbital lymphoproliferative disorders (21 malignant and 18 benign) underwent DCE-MRI scan for pre-treatment evaluation from March 2013 to December 2015. Both semi-quantitative (TTP, AUC, Slope) and quantitative (K, k, v) parameters were calculated, and compared between two groups.

Diagnosis and stage of Graves' ophthalmopathy: Efficacy of quantitative measurements of the lacrimal gland based on 3-T magnetic resonance imaging.

The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of quantitative measurements of the lacrimal gland based on 3-T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the diagnosis and staging of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). The study retrospectively enrolled 33 patients with GO (the GO group) and 24 healthy volunteers [the healthy control (HC) group] with orbit MR imaging performed using a 3-T MR scanner. Quantitative parameters of the lacrimal gland, including axial length, axial width, axial area, coronal length, coronal width, coronal area, volume and signal intensity ratio (SIR) of the lacrimal gland to the ipsilateral temporal muscle were measured.

Radiological indeterminate vestibular schwannoma and meningioma in cerebellopontine angle area: differentiating using whole-tumor histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient.

Purpose: To assess the role of whole-tumor histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps in differentiating radiological indeterminate vestibular schwannoma (VS) from meningioma in cerebellopontine angle (CPA).

Materials And Methods: Diffusion-weighted (DW) images (b = 0 and 1000 s/mm) of pathologically confirmed and radiological indeterminate CPA meningioma (CPAM) (n = 27) and VS (n = 12) were retrospectively collected and processed with mono-exponential model. Whole-tumor regions of interest were drawn on all slices of the ADC maps to obtain histogram parameters, including the mean ADC (ADC), median ADC (ADC), 10th/25th/75th/90th percentile ADC (ADC, ADC, ADC and ADC), skewness and kurtosis.

Utility of histogram analysis of ADC maps for differentiating orbital tumors.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the role of histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps for differentiating benign and malignant orbital tumors.

Methods: Fifty-two patients with orbital tumors were enrolled from March 2013 to November 2014. Pretreatment diffusion-weighted imaging was performed on a 3T magnetic resonance scanner with b factors of 0 and 800 s/mm2, and the corresponding ADC maps were generated.

Orbital Indeterminate Lesions in Adults: Combined Magnetic Resonance Morphometry and Histogram Analysis of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Maps for Predicting Malignancy.

Rationale And Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the added value of histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps in differentiating indeterminate orbital malignant tumors from benign tumors, compared to using magnetic resonance (MR) morphological features alone.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 54 patients with orbital tumors from March 2013 to February 2015. All the patients were assessed by both routine MR and diffusion-weighted imaging, and divided into benign group and malignant group.

Feasibility study of using intravoxel incoherent motion mri to detect parotid gland abnormalities in early-stage Sjögren syndrome patients.

Purpose: To determine whether intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could detect parotid gland abnormalities in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients who were not identified by conventional MRI.

Materials And Methods: Ten consecutive patients with clinically proven SS who were not identified by conventional MRI were assessed by IVIM MRI with a 3.0T MRI scanner.

Intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging measurements of the bilateral parotid glands at 3.0-T MR: effect of age, gender and laterality in healthy adults.

Objective: To investigate the effect of age, gender and laterality on the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MR imaging measurements of parotid glands in healthy participants at 3.0-T MRI.

Methods: A total of 108 healthy participants were prospectively recruited.

Assessing sequence and relationship of regional maturation in corpus callosum and internal capsule in preterm and term newborns by diffusion-tensor imaging.

Background: Diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) can be used to investigate water diffusion in living tissue.

Objective: To investigate sequence and relationship of regional maturation in corpus callosum (CC) and internal capsule (IC) in preterm and term.

Methods: DTI was performed on 11 preterm infants at less than 37 weeks of corrected gestational age (group I), 21 preterm infants at equivalent-term (group II), 11 term infants during neonatal period (group III).

Correlation between cognitive function and the association fibers in patients with Alzheimer's disease using diffusion tensor imaging.

White matter (WM) changes, along with well-characterized cortical abnormalities, occur in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated the integrity of WM tracts within association fibers by the use of fractional anisotropy (FA), and the relationship between FA values and cognitive function in patients with AD. Neuropsychological examination and conventional MRI, as well as diffusion tensor imaging, (DTI) were conducted on 12 patients with mild to moderate AD and 18 cognitively healthy volunteers.

Clinical evaluation and follow-up outcome of diffusion tensor imaging-based functional neuronavigation: a prospective, controlled study in patients with gliomas involving pyramidal tracts.

Objective: To evaluate diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based functional neuronavigation in surgery of cerebral gliomas with pyramidal tract (PT) involvement with respect to both perioperative assessment and follow-up outcome.

Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled study was conducted between 2001 and 2005. A consecutive series of 238 eligible patients with initial imaging diagnosis of cerebral gliomas involving PTs were randomized into study (n = 118) and control (n = 120) groups.

[Role of diffusion tensor imaging in neuronavigation surgery of brain tumors involving pyramidal tracts].

Objective: To explore the role of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in neuronavigation surgery of brain tumors involving pyramidal tracts.

Methods: Forty-nine patients with brain tumors involving pyramidal tracts were randomly divided into trial group (DTI navigation) and control group (traditional navigation). The patients in trial group underwent DTI and T1 weighted 3D navigational magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies.