Remote ischemic conditioning prevents ischemic cerebrovascular events in children with moyamoya disease: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a significant cause of childhood stroke and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) in children with MMD.

Methods: In a single-center pilot study, 46 MMD patients aged 4 to 14 years, with no history of reconstructive surgery, were randomly assigned to receive either RIC or sham RIC treatment twice daily for a year.

Postoperative fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio acting as an indicator of futile recanalization in patients with successful thrombectomy.

Background: Timely recognition of futile recanalization might enable a prompter response and thus improve outcomes in patients receiving successful thrombectomy. This study aims to evaluate whether postoperative fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) could act as an indicator of futile recanalization.

Methods: This is a single-center, retrospective analysis of patients with acute anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion and successful thrombectomy between May 2019 and June 2022.

The Negative Prognostic Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Patients With Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency.

Background: The pathologic consequences of inflammatory responses in chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) remains poorly understood. Hence, this study was aimed to evaluate the peripheral inflammatory biomarkers in patients with intracranial and extracranial CCSVI pathology. In addition, the relationship between inflammatory cytokine profile and CCSVI prognosis was also evaluated.

Metformin use is associated with low risk of case fatality and disability rates in first-ever stroke patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: To assess the effectiveness of metformin treatment on long-term outcomes in first-ever stroke patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China.

Methods: From August to September 2019, all patients with first-ever stroke and T2DM from 232 hospitals in China Mainland were included. The enrolled patients were divided into two groups: the metformin treatment (MT) and the no-metformin treatment (No-MT) groups.

Thrombolytic DNT and fatality and disability rates in acute ischemic stroke: a study from Bigdata Observatory Platform for Stroke of China.

Objective: To evaluate whether shorter door-to-needle times (DNT) with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for acute ischemic stroke are associated with improved 1-year outcomes in Chinese patients.

Methods: From August to September 2019, all first-ever ischemic stroke patients who were treated with intravenous tPA within 4.5 h of the time they were last known to be well from 232 hospitals in China were included.

Case-fatality, disability and recurrence rates after first-ever stroke: A study from bigdata observatory platform for stroke of China.

Background: There is currently a lack of data on stroke hospitalizations and long-term outcomes in China. Therefore, we investigated 12-month stroke fatality, disability, and recurrence rates after the first-ever stroke.

Methods: This was a prospective nationwide hospital-based cohort study.

Normobaric oxygen may correct chronic cerebral ischemia-mediated EEG anomalies.

Aims: To explore the safety and efficacy of normobaric oxygen (NBO) on correcting chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) and related EEG anomalies.

Methods: This prospective randomized trial (NCT03745092) enrolled 50 cases of CCI patients, which were divided into NBO (8 L/min of oxygen supplement) group and control group (room air) randomly, and also enrolled 21 healthy volunteers. Two times of 30-min EEG recordings with the interval of 45min of NBO or room air were analyzed quantitatively.

High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Black Blood Thrombus Imaging and Serum D-Dimer in the Confirmation of Acute Cortical Vein Thrombosis.

Cerebral cortical vein thrombosis (CCVT) is often misdiagnosed because of its non-specific diagnostic symptoms. Here, we analyzed a cohort of patients with CCVT in hopes of improving understandings and treatments of the disease. A total of 23 patients with CCVT (confirmed with high-resolution imaging), who had been diagnosed between 2017 and 2019, were enrolled in this cohort study.

Stroke-unit care for stroke patients in China: the results from Bigdata Observatory platform for Stroke of China.

Background: To assess whether stroke patients admitted to stroke units (SU) have a better short-term outcome than those treated in conventional wards (CW).

Methods: A total of 20 hospitals from 16 provinces in China were initially selected in this study. Finally, 24,090 consecutive admissions in 2013-2015 treated in CW and 21,332 consecutive entries in 2017-2019 treated in SU were included.

Clinical characteristics, inflammation and coagulation status in patients with immunological disease-related chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency.

Background: Immunological disease-related chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is rarely reported. This study aimed to analyze clinical characteristics, inflammation, and coagulation status in patients with immunological disease-related CCSVI.

Methods: Patients with CCSVI were enrolled from 2017 to 2019 and divided into three cohorts based on their immunological disease backgrounds, including groups with confirmed autoimmune disease, with suspected/subclinical autoimmune disease, and with non-immunological etiology.

Cyclosporine-A-Induced Intracranial Thrombotic Complications: Systematic Review and Cases Report.

This study reported two cases of intracranial thrombotic events of aplastic anemia (AA) under therapy with cyclosporine-A (CsA) and reviewed both drug-induced cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) and CsA-related thrombotic events systematically. We searched PubMed Central (PMC) and EMBASE up to Sep 2019 for publications on drug-induced CVT and Cs-A-induced thrombotic events. Medical subject headings and Emtree headings were used with the following keywords: "cyclosporine-A" and "cerebral venous thrombosis OR cerebral vein thrombosis" and "stroke OR Brain Ischemia OR Brain Infarction OR cerebral infarction OR intracerebral hemorrhage OR intracranial hemorrhage.

The antiphospholipid syndrome may induce non-thrombotic internal jugular vein stenosis: two cases report.

Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is associated with a high incidence of thrombotic events, either arterial thrombosis or venous thrombosis. However, APS-related non-thrombotic venous stenosis is rarely reported.

Case Presentation: This study described two cases of young women with APS-related internal jugular vein stenosis (IJVS) and reviewed current literature on this issue, including clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment.

Stroke prevention and control system in China: CSPPC-Stroke Program.

In China, stroke is a major cause of mortality, and long-term physical and cognitive impairment. To meet this challenge, the Ministry of Health China Stroke Prevention Project Committee (CSPPC) was established in April 2011. This committee actively promotes stroke prevention and control in China.

Cognitive improvement after carotid artery stenting in patients with symptomatic internal carotid artery near-occlusion.

Background And Purpose: To investigate the influence of carotid artery stenting (CAS) with embolic protection device (EPD) on the cognitive function of patients with near-occlusion of the cervical internal carotid artery (ICA).

Methods: From February 2014 to December 2017, a total of 79 symptomatic patients were recruited in this study. Of these patients, 31 patients refused to receive CAS therapy.

MicroRNA expression in the hippocampal CA1 region under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.

Using deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, thoracic aorta diseases and complex heart diseases can be subjected to corrective procedures. However, mechanisms underlying brain protection during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest are unclear. After piglet models underwent 60 minutes of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest at 14°C, expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) was analyzed in the hippocampus by microarray.

Collagen-chitosan scaffold impregnated with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of traumatic brain injury.

Combinations of biomaterials and cells can effectively target delivery of cells or other therapeutic factors to the brain to rebuild damaged nerve pathways after brain injury. Porous collagen-chitosan scaffolds were prepared by a freeze-drying method based on brain tissue engineering. The scaffolds were impregnated with rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Cervical spondylotic internal jugular venous compression syndrome.

Aims: This study aimed to identify the clinical profiles of cervical spondylosis-related internal jugular vein stenosis (IJVS) comprehensively.

Methods: A total of 46 patients, who were diagnosed as IJVS induced by cervical spondylotic compression were recruited. The clinical manifestations and imaging features of IJVS were presented particularly in this study.

Batroxobin in combination with anticoagulation may promote venous sinus recanalization in cerebral venous thrombosis: A real-world experience.

Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate cerebral venous recanalization with magnetic resonance black-blood thrombus imaging (MRBTI) in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) who underwent batroxobin treatment in combination with anticoagulation.

Methods: A total of 31 CVT patients were enrolled in this real-world registry study. The patients were divided into batroxobin (n = 21) and control groups (n = 10).

2-(2-Benzofuranyl)-2-imidazoline treatment within 5 hours after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion protects the brain.

We previously demonstrated that administering 2-(2-benzofuranyl)-2-imidazolin (2-BFI), an imidazoline I2 receptor agonist, immediately after ischemia onset can protect the brain from ischemic insult. However, immediate administration after stroke is difficult to realize in the clinic. Thus, the therapeutic time window of 2-BFI should be determined.

Brain-selective mild hypothermia promotes long-term white matter integrity after ischemic stroke in mice.

Introduction: The neuroprotective effects of hypothermia in acute ischemic stroke are well documented. However, the mechanisms involved in the effects remain to be clearly elucidated and the role of hypothermia on long-term white matter integrity after acute ischemic stroke has yet to be investigated.

Aims: To investigate the role of mild focal hypothermia on long-term white matter (WM) integrity after transient cerebral ischemia.

Understanding jugular venous outflow disturbance.

Extracranial venous abnormalities, especially jugular venous outflow disturbance, were originally viewed as nonpathological phenomena due to a lack of realization and exploration of their feature and clinical significance. The etiology and pathogenesis are still unclear, whereas a couple of causal factors have been conjectured. The clinical presentation of this condition is highly variable, ranging from insidious to symptomatic, such as headaches, dizziness, pulsatile tinnitus, visual impairment, sleep disturbance, and neck discomfort or pain.