miRNAs modulate altered expression of cytochrome P450s and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits conferring both metabolic and target resistance to sulfoxaflor in Nilaparvata lugens (Stål).

Understanding the insecticide resistance mechanisms and their underlying regulatory pathways is essential for pest management. Previous findings indicated that the overexpression of P450 gene, CYP6ER1, was a key mechanism for sulfoxaflor metabolic resistance in Nilaparvata lugens. However, it remains unclear whether quantitative changes in the target nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) contribute to sulfoxaflor resistance and the underlying regulatory mechanisms involved.

Multi-omics analysis reveals the evolution, function, and regulatory mechanisms of SPF pheromones in Anurans.

Pheromones play a pivotal role in chemical communication across various taxa, with protein-based pheromones being particularly significant in amphibian courtship and reproduction. In this study, we investigate the Emei music frog (Nidirana daunchina), which utilizes both acoustic and chemical signals for communication. Base on a de novo assembled genome of a male Emei music frog, we identify substantial expansion in four pheromone-related gene families associated with chemical communication.

Thrombin Immobilized on Magnetic Core-Shell Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Screening of the Enzyme Inhibitors From Notopterygium Incisum.

Thrombin was immobilized on magnetic core-shell mesoporous silica nanoparticles (FeO@nSiO@mSiO) for the first time and used to screen enzyme inhibitors from extracts of Notopterygium incisum. The immobilized thrombin was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electronic microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, and vibrating sample magnetometry. The results demonstrated that the immobilized thrombin possessed good thermal stability and high-temperature resistance for feasible storage and reuse.

Fast Screening of Tyrosinase Inhibitors in Nutt. by Ligand Fishing Based on Paper-Immobilized Tyrosinase.

Nutt. is an important medicinal plant in traditional Uyghur medicine. The skin-lightening potential of the flower has been recognized recently; however, the active compounds responsible for that are not clear.

Novel humanized monoclonal antibodies against ROR1 for cancer therapy.

Background: Overexpression of receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) contributes to cancer cell proliferation, survival and migration, playing crucial roles in tumor development. ROR1 has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment. This study aimed to develop novel humanized ROR1 monoclonal antibodies and investigate their anti-tumor effects.

Screening of monoamine oxidase B inhibitors in Tibetan strawberry by ligand fishing based on enzyme functionalized cellulose filter paper.

Tibetan strawberry () is a wild medicinal and edible plant in Tibet possessing various health benefits such as neuroprotection and anti-oxidation. However, there has been little study reported on its chemical constituents. To investigate the inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) in Tibetan strawberry, we immobilized the enzyme onto cellulose filter paper for the first time to develop a new screening method.

Rapid Screening of Chemical Components in with the Potential to Inhibit Skin Inflammation.

Hyaluronidase possesses the capacity to degrade high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid into smaller fragments, subsequently initiating a cascade of inflammatory responses and activating dendritic cells. In cases of bacterial infections, substantial quantities of HAase are generated, potentially leading to severe conditions such as cellulitis. Inhibiting hyaluronidase activity may offer anti-inflammatory benefits.

Love Hug-Functional Validation of Nuptial Pad-Secreted Pheromone in Anurans.

Chemical communication is an important mode of communication in the courtship and breeding processes of amphibians. In caudates, multiple components of sexual pheromones have been identified and functionally verified. One of these pheromone systems is plethodontid modulating factor (PMF).

An on-line SPE-LC-MS/MS method for quantification of nucleobases and nucleosides present in biological fluids.

Solid phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatographic (LC) separation of nucleobases and nucleosides are challenging due to the high hydrophilicity of these compounds. Herein we report a novel on-line SPE-LC-MS/MS method for their quantification after pre-column derivatization with chloroacetaldehyde (CAA). The method proposed is selective and sensitive with limits of detection at the nano-molar level.

Emerging roles of long non-coding RNAs in osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly aggressive and lethal malignant bone tumor that primarily afflicts children, adolescents, and young adults. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying OS pathogenesis remain obscure. Mounting evidence implicates dysregulated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis and progression.

Quassinoids from Twigs of (Blanco) Merr and Their Anti-Parkinson's Disease Effect.

Six new C-20 and one new C-19 quassinoids, named perforalactones F-L (-), were isolated from twigs of . Spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic experiments were conducted to identify their structures. Through oxidative degradation of perforalactone B to perforaqussin A, the biogenetic process from C-25 quassinoid to C-20 via Baeyer-Villiger oxidation was proposed.

Overexpression of NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase is associated with sulfoxaflor resistance and neonicotinoid cross-resistance in Nilaparvata lugens (Stål).

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR), a crucial electron-transfer partner of P450 systems, is required for various biological reactions catalyzed by P450 monooxygenase. Our previous study indicated that enhanced P450 enzyme detoxification and CYP6ER1 overexpression contributed to sulfoxaflor resistance in Nilaparvata lugens. However, the association between CPR, sulfoxaflor resistance, and neonicotinoid cross-resistance in N.

Polyphenolic glycosides with unusual four-membered ring possessing anti-Parkinson's disease potential from black wolfberry.

This work reports the isolation of seven undescribed polyphenolic glycosides (1-7) together with fourteen known compounds (8-21) from the fruit of Lycium ruthenicum Murray. The structures of the undescribed compounds were identified based on comprehensive spectroscopic methods including IR, HRESIMS, NMR and ECD, and chemical hydrolysis. Compounds 1-3 possess an unusual four-membered ring, while 11-15 were firstly isolated from this fruit.

Correlation between sedentary activity, physical activity and bone mineral density and fat in America: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2018.

We compared the relationship between sedentary activity (SA) and physical activity (PA) with bone mineral density (BMD) and body fat percentage in the United States and found a negative association between SA and BMD and a positive association with body fat percentage. A positive association between PA and BMD and a negative association with body fat percentage. SA and PA are associated with changes in skeletal parameters and body fat percentage, and we aimed to investigate and compare the relationship between SA, PA and bone mineral density (BMD) and body fat percentage in men and women.

Estimation of the global prevalence, incidence, years lived with disability of rheumatoid arthritis in 2019 and forecasted incidence in 2040: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Objective: We aimed to provide a better understanding of the secular trends in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) burden at the regional and national levels, contributing to identifying the areas with high burden needs and finding the potential areas requiring additional attention, which will facilitate the development of strategies tailored to RA burden.

Method: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 study. We presented the secular trends in the prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) of RA needs by sex, age, sociodemographic index (SDI), region, country, and category between 1990 and 2019 using data from the GBD 2019 study.

3D mapping of intra-articular calcaneal fractures.

To determine the pattern of intra-articular calcaneal fractures (ICFs) by a three-dimensional (3D) mapping and determine whether there were consistent fracture patterns and comminution zones. In this study, 67 patients with ICFS by CT scan were included. The calcaneal fractures fragments in CT were multiplanar reconstructed and virtual reduced.

Covalent immobilization of tyrosinase on magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes for inhibitor screening.

The inhibition of tyrosinase is considered to be a common therapeutic strategy for some hyperpigmentation disorders. Screening of tyrosinase inhibitors is of great significance to the treatment of pigmentation diseases. In this study, tyrosinase was covalently immobilized on magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes for the first time, and the immobilized tyrosinase was applied for ligand fishing of tyrosinase inhibitors from complex medicinal plants.

NIR-responsive molybdenum (Mo)-based nanoclusters enhance ROS scavenging for osteoarthritis therapy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders globally, and treating OA remains a significant challenge. Currently, pharmacological treatments primarily aim to alleviate the OA symptoms associated with inflammation and pain, and no disease-modifying therapies are available to delay OA development and progression. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an essential role in OA development and progression, which are a promising target for curing OA.

A facile one-pot route to fabricate clothianidin-loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles with biocompatibility and long-term efficacy.

Background: Neonicotinoids are among the most essential chemical insecticides worldwide because of their high activity against many important pests and wide application. However, their application is limited by their toxicity to honeybees. Therefore, the development of a facile route to fabricate efficient and eco-friendly pesticide formulations is of great significance.

Screening of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors from Seeds of Freyn et Sint. by Ligand Fishing and Their Neuroprotective Activity.

is a traditional medicinal plant used to treat seizures, insomnia, and mental disorders among the Tibetan and Xinjiang people of China. Recent pharmacological research indicates that the seeds of this plant have a neuroprotective effect; however, the chemical components responsible for this effect are unknown. Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) has been recognized as a target for developing anti-Parkinson's disease drugs.

Fate of ofloxacin in rural wastewater treatment facility: Removal performance, pathways and microbial characteristics.

Ofloxacin (OFL) with high biological activity and antimicrobial degradation is a kind of the typical high concentration and environmental risk antibiotics in rural sewage. In this paper, a combined rural sewage treatment facility based on anaerobic baffled reactor and integrated constructed wetlands was built and the removal performance, pathway and mechanism for OFL and conventional pollutants were evaluated. Results showed that the OFL and TN removal efficiency achieved 91.

A novel one-pot fluorescence tagging and depyrimidination strategy for quantification of global DNA methylation.

DNA methylation is intensively studied in medical science. Current HPLC methods for quantification of global DNA methylation involve digestion of a DNA sample and HPLC determination of both cytosine (C) and 5-methylcytosine (5mC) so that percentage of 5mC in total cytosine can be calculated as DNA methylation level. Herein we report a novel HPLC method based on a one-pot fluorescence tagging and depyrimidination reaction between DNA and chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) for highly sensitive quantification of global DNA methylation.

Screening of Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors from by Ligand Fishing and Their Neuroprotective Effects.

, known as Tibetan strawberry, is an edible plant possessing various health-promoting effects. However, its functional compositions were rarely studied. In this work, monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors in this plant were rapidly screened using the enzyme-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles coupled with UPLC-QTOF-MS.