Advanced Temperature-Integrated Backpropagation Neural Network for Enhanced Prediction of Syngas Composition in Complex Organic Waste Gasification.

Accurate prediction of syngas compositions in multicomponent organic waste gasification is challenging because of its intricate composition and abundant volatile matter, which contrasts with traditional coal gasification influenced mainly by oxygen-coal ratio. Through process analysis, we identified the furnace temperature as a crucial factor directly impacting gasification reactions. Herein, we developed a hybrid backpropagation neural network (BPNN) model integrating furnace temperature data obtained from a temperature soft-sensing model and utilizing principal component analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction.

Heavy metals in the continuous river-estuary-sea system of the Yellow River Delta, China: Spatial patterns, potential sources, and influencing factors.

Present study investigated heavy metal pollution in the continuous upper river-estuary-sea systems of the Yellow River Delta (YRD). Significant seasonal differences (p < 0.05) for the heavy metal overall profile were observed, although there were no significant spatial variations among the different water bodies.

Distribution and drivers of co-hosts of antibiotic and metal(loid) resistance genes in the fresh-brackish-saline groundwater.

Groundwater is an essential source of drinking water and agricultural irrigation water, and its protection has become a global goal for public health. However, knowledge about heavy metal(loid) resistance genes (MRGs) in groundwater and the potential co-selection of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have seldom been developed. Here, during the wet and dry seasons, we collected 66 groundwater samples (total dissolved solids = 93.

A mixed blessing of influent leachate microbes in downstream biotreatment systems of a full-scale landfill leachate treatment plant.

In landfill leachate treatment plants (LLTPs), the microbiome plays a pivotal role in the decomposition of organic compounds, reduction in nutrient levels, and elimination of toxins. However, the effects of microbes in landfill leachate influents on downstream treatment systems remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we collected 23 metagenomic and 12 metatranscriptomic samples from landfill leachate and activated sludge from various treatment units in a full-scale LLTP.

Occurrence, mass loading, and post-control temporal trend of legacy perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the middle and lower Yangtze River.

Present study focused on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) occurrence in dry and wet seasons in the middle and lower Yangtze River (YZR) and changing temporal trends after years of control. Results revealed that perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was 75 % of total PFAS concentrations (∑PFASs). ∑PFASs were ranged 0.

Planktonic/benthic Bathyarchaeota as a "gatekeeper" enhance archaeal nonrandom co-existence and deterministic assembling in the Yangtze River.

Archaea, the third proposed domain of life, mediate carbon and nutrient cycling in global natural habitats. Compared with bacteria, our knowledge about archaeal ecological modes in large freshwater environments subject to varying natural and human factors is limited. By metabarcoding analysis of 303 samples, we provided the first integrate biogeography about archaeal compositions, co-existence networks, and assembling processes within a 6000 km continuum of the Yangtze River.

Metagenomic analysis unveils the underexplored roles of prokaryotic viruses in a full-scale landfill leachate treatment plant.

Enormous viral populations have been identified in activated sludge systems, but their ecological and biochemical roles in landfill leachate treatment plants remain poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted an in-depth analysis using 36 metagenomic datasets that we collected and sequenced during a half-year time-series sampling campaign at six sites in a full-scale landfill leachate treatment plant (LLTP), elucidating viral distribution, virus‒host dynamics, virus-encoded auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs), and viral contributions to the spread of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. Our findings demonstrated that viral and prokaryotic communities differed widely among different treatment units, with stability over time.

Ecological differentiation and assembly processes of abundant and rare bacterial subcommunities in karst groundwater.

The ecological health of karst groundwater has been of global concern due to increasing anthropogenic activities. Bacteria comprising a few abundant taxa (AT) and plentiful rare taxa (RT) play essential roles in maintaining ecosystem stability, yet limited information is known about their ecological differentiation and assembly processes in karst groundwater. Based on a metabarcoding analysis of 64 groundwater samples from typical karst regions in southwest China, we revealed the environmental drivers, ecological roles, and assembly mechanisms of abundant and rare bacterial communities.

Occurrence, distribution and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils around main water source areas of Beijing, China.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban environments have been globally concerned due to their significant health impacts on residents. However, little is known about potential risks of PAHs from centralized water source areas. In the present study, 326 soils samples from the main water source areas of Beijing were collected and the occurrence, source appointment, and risks of PAHs were systematically investigated based on the monitoring results from high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in freshwater pearl mussels Hyriopsis cumingii in Poyang Lake.

Thirty-five PPCPs were measured in representative freshwater pearl mussels (Hyriopsis cumingii) in Poyang Lake, the largest lake of China, as well as their responses to sedimentary PPCPs. We observed 32 PPCPs in soft tissues of mussels at a total concentration of 2721.5 ± 929.

Structure, stability, and potential function of groundwater microbial community responses to permafrost degradation on varying permafrost of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

The ongoing permafrost degradation under climate warming has modified aboveground biogeochemical processes mediated by microbes, yet groundwater microbial structure and function as well as their response to permafrost degradation remain poorly understood. We separately collect 20 and 22 sub-permafrost groundwater samples from Qilian Mountain (alpine and seasonal permafrost) and Southern Tibet Valley (plateau isolated permafrost) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) to investigate the effects of permafrost groundwater characteristics on the diversity, structure, stability, and potential function of bacterial and fungal communities. Regional discrepancy of groundwater microbes between two permafrost regions reveals that permafrost degradation might reshape microbial community structure, increase community stability and potential functions relevant to carbon metabolism.

Early neurological deterioration in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a prospective multicenter cohort study.

Background: There is still no precise knowledge of the causes of progression in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), and we are unable to predict patients at risk.

Objective: To explore the frequency, predictive factors, and the prognosis of early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with AIS.

Methods: In this prospective multicenter observational study, we assessed patients with AIS admitted to 18 hospitals in Henan, China.

Antibiotic profiles and their relationships with multitrophic aquatic communities in an urban river.

Antibiotics have garnered worldwide attention due to their omnipresence and detrimental effects on aquatic organisms, yet their potential relationships with multitrophic aquatic communities in natural rivers remain largely unknown. Here, we examined 107 antibiotics in water and sediment from an urban river in Chengdu, Sichuan province (China). The bacterial, algal, macroinvertebrates, and fish communities were synchronously measured based on the environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding approach, and their relationships with antibiotics were further investigated.

Pistachio genomes provide insights into nut tree domestication and ZW sex chromosome evolution.

Pistachio is a nut crop domesticated in the Fertile Crescent and a dioecious species with ZW sex chromosomes. We sequenced the genomes of Pistacia vera cultivar (cv.) Siirt, the female parent, and P.

Comammox biogeography subject to anthropogenic interferences along a high-altitude river.

The recent discovery of comammox Nitrospira performing complete ammonia oxidation to nitrate has overturned the long-held dogma of two-step nitrification on Earth, yet little is known about the effect of urbanization interference on their distribution. Using gene-centric metagenomics, we provided the first blueprints about comammox community, biogeography, and environmental drivers along a high-elevation (> 2000 m) river flowing through the largest city on the vulnerable Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Our study confirmed a wide presence and diversity of yet-uncultured comammox clade B across wet and dry seasons, with average 3.

Environmental DNA metabarcoding reveals the impacts of anthropogenic pollution on multitrophic aquatic communities across an urban river of western China.

Anthropogenic activities are intensively affecting the structure and function of biological communities in river ecosystems. The effects of anthropogenic pollution on single-trophic community have been widely explored, but their effects on the structures and co-occurrence patterns of multitrophic communities remain largely unknown. In this study, we collected 13 water samples from the Neijiang River in Chengdu City of China, and identified totally 2352 bacterial, 207 algal, 204 macroinvertebrate, and 33 fish species based on the eDNA metabarcoding to systematically investigate the responses of multitrophic communities to environmental stressors.

Bioaccumulation of 35 metal(loid)s in organs of a freshwater mussel (Hyriopsis cumingii) and environmental implications in Poyang Lake, China.

Benthic bioaccumulation of hazardous materials has been a great challenge to the health of lake ecosystems. As representative benthic macroinvertebrates, freshwater mussels and their accumulation characteristics have been regarded as effective indicators for assessing potential risks induced by sedimentary metal(loid)s in lakes. Here we profile organ-specific accumulation of 35 metal(loid)s in a freshwater mussel (Hyriopsis cumingii) and their correlations to metal speciation in sediments of Poyang Lake, the largest lake of China.

Impacts of engineered nanoparticles and antibiotics on denitrification: Element cycling functional genes and antibiotic resistance genes.

The wide presence of antibiotics and minerals warrants their combined effects on the denitrification in natural aquatic environment. Herein, we investigated the effects of two antibiotics, sulfamethazine (SMZ) and chlortetracycline (CTC), on the reduction of NO-N and accumulation of NO-N in the absence and presence of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) (AlO, SiO, and geothite) using 16 S rRNA sequencing and high-throughput quantitative PCR. The results showed that the addition of antibiotics inhibited the reduction of NO-N by changing the bacterial community structure and reducing the abundance of denitrification genes, while engineered NPs promoted the denitrification by increasing the abundance of denitrification genes.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in groundwater from a contaminated site in the North China Plain: Occurrence, source apportionment, and health risk assessment.

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are manmade chemicals that have wide industrial and commercial application. However, little research has been carried out on PFASs pollution in groundwater from a previously contaminated site. Here, we investigated 43 PFASs in a monitoring campaign from two different aquifers in the North China Plain.

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in water, sediment and freshwater mollusks of the Dongting Lake downstream the Three Gorges Dam.

Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are a group of emerging anthropogenic pollutants. Here we investigated the occurrence and concentrations of 35 typical PPCPs in water, sediment, and freshwater mollusks (Hyriopsis cumingii, Unio douglasiae, Sinanodonta woodiana, Lamprotula leai and Corbicula fluminea) of the Dongting Lake downstream of the Three Gorges Dam. As results, 33 PPCPs were detected in water and sediment of the lake.

Unveil the role of dissolved and sedimentary metal(loid)s on bacterial communities and metal resistance genes (MRGs) in an urban river of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Though metal resistance genes (MRGs) are of global concern in aquatic ecosystems, the underlying factors responsible for MRGs dissemination, especially in urban rivers on the vulnerable Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, are rarely known. Here, we collected 64 samples including water and sediments during the wet and dry seasons and effluents from six wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) during the dry season and measured 50 metal(loid)s, 60 bacterial phyla, and 259 MRGs. We observed the distinct difference of metal(loid)s, bacterial communities, and MRGs between water and sediments and the great seasonal changes in metal(loid)s and bacterial communities instead of MRGs.

Sediments alleviate the inhibition effects of antibiotics on denitrification: Functional gene, microbial community, and antibiotic resistance gene analysis.

Both antibiotics and sediments can affect the denitrification in aquatic systems. However, little is known how antibiotics influence the denitrification in the presence of sediments. Here, the effects of antibiotics (sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline and ofloxacin) on denitrification in the absence and presence of sediments were investigated.

Neural Stem Cells Direct Axon Guidance via Their Radial Fiber Scaffold.

Neural stem cells directly or indirectly generate all neurons and macroglial cells and guide migrating neurons by using a palisade-like scaffold made of their radial fibers. Here, we describe an unexpected role for the radial fiber scaffold in directing corticospinal and other axons at the junction between the striatum and globus pallidus. The maintenance of this scaffold, and consequently axon pathfinding, is dependent on the expression of an atypical RHO-GTPase, RND3/RHOE, together with its binding partner ARHGAP35/P190A, a RHO GTPase-activating protein, in the radial glia-like neural stem cells within the ventricular zone of the medial ganglionic eminence.

Colonisation of Oncidium orchid roots by the endophyte Piriformospora indica restricts Erwinia chrysanthemi infection, stimulates accumulation of NBS-LRR resistance gene transcripts and represses their targeting micro-RNAs in leaves.

Background: Erwinia chrysanthemi (Ec) is a destructive pathogen which causes soft-rot diseases in diverse plant species including orchids. We investigated whether colonization of Oncidium roots by the endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica (Pi) restricts Ec-induced disease development in leaves, and whether this might be related to the regulation of nucleotide binding site-leucine rich repeat (NBS-LRR) Resistance (R) genes.

Results: Root colonization of Oncidium stackings by Pi restricts progression of Ec-induced disease development in the leaves.

RNA-Seq analysis reveals an essential role of tyrosine metabolism pathway in response to root-rot infection in Gerbera hybrida.

Gerbera hybrida is one of the top five cut flowers across the world, it is host for the root rot causing parasite called Phytophthora cryptogea. In this study, plantlets of healthy and root-rot pathogen-infected G. hybrida were used as plant materials for transcriptome analyis using high-throughput Illumina sequencing technique.