Large-scale genomic analysis reveals significant role of insertion sequences in antimicrobial resistance of .

Unlabelled: , a prominent nosocomial pathogen renowned for its extensive resistance to antimicrobial agents, poses a significant challenge in the accurate prediction of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) from genomic data. Despite thorough researches on the molecular mechanisms of AMR, gaps remain in our understanding of key contributors. This study utilized rule-based and three machine learning models to predict AMR phenotypes, aiming to decipher key genomic factors associated with AMR.

Fabrication and mechanical properties of porous tantalum carbon composites by chemical vapor deposition.

This study investigates the deposition of tantalum (Ta) coatings on carbon foams using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to enhance their compressive strength. Two types of open-cell carbon foams, CF-1 and CF-2, with different strut diameters, were examined. The morphology and uniformity of the coatings were characterized, and the effect of coating thickness on the compressive strength of the foams was systematically analyzed.

Unveiling the Origin of the Strengthening Mechanism in a Novel Precious Metal Multi-Principal Elements Alloy.

Precious metal electrical contact materials are pivotal in microelectronic devices due to their excellent chemical stability and electrical properties. Their practical application is hindered by the strength, contact resistance, and high cost. Multi-principal elements alloys (MPEAs) provide the possibility to develop cost-effective materials with enhanced mechanical properties.

MultiPrime: A reliable and efficient tool for targeted next-generation sequencing.

We present multiPrime, a novel tool that automatically designs minimal primer sets for targeted next-generation sequencing, tailored to specific microbiomes or genes. MultiPrime enhances primer coverage by designing primers with mismatch tolerance and ensures both high compatibility and specificity. We evaluated the performance of multiPrime using a data set of 43,016 sequences from eight viruses.

Association between childhood obesity and gut microbiota: 16S rRNA gene sequencing-based cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to identify characteristic gut genera in obese and normal-weight children (8-12 years old) using 16S rDNA sequencing. The research aimed to provide insights for mechanistic studies and prevention strategies for childhood obesity. Thirty normal-weight and thirty age- and sex-matched obese children were included.

FTH1 protects against osteoarthritis by MAPK pathway inhibition of extracellular matrix degradation.

Objective: Ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) is an important subunit of ferro-storing proteins and is indispensable for iron metabolism. Though it has been extensively studied in numerous organs and diseases, the relationship between FTH1 and osteoarthritis (OA) is unclear.

Design: Primary murine chondrocytes and cartilage explants were treated with FTH1 siRNA for 72 h.

Building structure-borne noise measurements and estimation due to train operations in tunnel.

The perception of structure-borne noise is particularly salient when train passes through the tunnel under the buildings, which has a negative impact on human health. In the process of constructing buildings along metro lines, it is crucial to estimate indoor structure-borne noise levels in order to enhance design and prevent any negative impact on human comfort. This study conducted measurements of structure-borne noise, reverberation time, and train-induced vibrations in Guangzhou, China to investigate the generation, propagation, and dissipation mechanisms of structure-borne noise.

Helical sulfonyl-γ-AApeptides modulating Aβ oligomerization and cytotoxicity by recognizing Aβ helix.

In contrast to prevalent strategies which make use of β-sheet mimetics to block Aβ fibrillar growth, in this study, we designed a series of sulfonyl-γ-AApeptide helices that targeted the crucial α-helix domain of Aβ13-26 and stabilized Aβ conformation to avoid forming the neurotoxic Aβ oligomeric β-sheets. Biophysical assays such as amyloid kinetics and TEM demonstrated that the Aβ oligomerization and fibrillation could be greatly prevented and even reversed in the presence of sulfonyl-γ-AApeptides in a sequence-specific and dose-dependent manner. The studies based on circular dichroism, Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (2D-NMR) spectra unambiguously suggested that the sulfonyl-γ-AApeptide Ab-6 could bind to the central region of Aβ and induce α-helix conformation in Aβ.

Nosocomial surveillance of multidrug-resistant : a genomic epidemiological study.

is a major opportunistic pathogen causing hospital-acquired infections, and it is imperative to comprehend its evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics in hospitals to prevent and control nosocomial transmission. Here, we present a comprehensive genomic epidemiological study involving the genomic sequencing and antibiotic resistance profiling of 634 . strains isolated from seven intensive care units (ICUs) of a Chinese general hospital over 2 consecutive years.

Cryptosporidiosis diagnosed using metagenomic next-generation sequencing in a healthy child admitted to pediatric intensive care unit: a case report.

Background: infections in humans typically result in symptoms such as abdominal pain and diarrhea. When the diarrhea is severe, it can cause serious complications and even be life-threatening, especially in patients with compromised immune systems.

Case Presentation: Here, we reported the use of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of a 10-year-old boy with severe infection.

Prevalence and molecular characteristics of polymyxin-resistant in a Chinese tertiary teaching hospital.

Introduction: Polymyxin-resistant poses a significant threat to public health globally, but its prevalence and genomic diversity within a sole hospital is less well known. In this study, the prevalence of polymyxin-resistant in a Chinese teaching hospital was investigated with deciphering of their genetic determinants of drug resistance.

Methods: Polymyxin-resistant isolates identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption were collected in Ruijin Hospital from May to December in 2021.

The value of next-generation metagenomic sequencing in pathogen detection of pleural effusions and ascites from children with sepsis.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) using pleural effusion and ascites from children with sepsis.

Methods: In this study, children with sepsis or severe sepsis and appeared pleural or peritoneal effusions were enrolled, of whom the pleural effusions or ascites and blood samples were conducted pathogen detection using both conventional and mNGS methods. The samples were divided into pathogen-consistent and pathogen-inconsistent groups based on the consistency of mNGS results from different sample types, and into exudate and transudate groups based on their pleural effusion and ascites properties.

Development of lipidated polycarbonates with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.

Antimicrobial resistance is a global challenge owing to the lack of discovering effective antibiotic agents. Antimicrobial polymers containing the cationic groups and hydrophobic groups which mimic natural host-defense peptides (HDPs) show great promise in combating bacteria. Herein, we report the synthesis of lipidated polycarbonates bearing primary amino groups and hydrophobic moieties (including both the terminal long alkyl chain and hydrophobic groups in the sequences) by ring-opening polymerization.

De novo genome assembly and analyses of 12 founder inbred lines provide insights into maize heterosis.

Hybrid maize displays superior heterosis and contributes over 30% of total worldwide cereal production. However, the molecular mechanisms of heterosis remain obscure. Here we show that structural variants (SVs) between the parental lines have a predominant role underpinning maize heterosis.

A quantitative analysis of thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA) using needles with different gauges.

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the results of three gauge (G) needles (22G, 23G and 25G) in terms of cell amount in thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA).

Subjects And Methods: In the retrospective study, a total of 443 patients undergoing FNA for the first time between 2017 and 2018 were included in the study, and assigned to 3 groups with 22-gauge, 23-gauge and 25-gauge needles, respectively.

Results: The cell amount of a suspicion for the four diagnosis groups, including malignancy and malignant, benign nodules, follicular of undetermined significance (FLUS), and follicular neoplasia was mainly in the range of 0-10000, 0-300, 0-150, and 500-2500, respectively.

The Species Identification and Genomic Analysis of : A Novel Pathogenic Bacterium Isolated From a Critically Ill Patient With Bloodstream Infection.

Since the first strain related to Thermicanaceae was reported in 1999, almost no literature on Thermicanaceae is available, particularly its genomics. We recently isolated a novel pathogenic bacterium, the strain DYY3, from the blood sample of a critically ill patient. The morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of strain DYY3 were presented in this study, and the virulence factor genes and antibiotic resistance of DYY3 were also determined.

Comparative Genomics Reveals Evolutionary Drivers of Sessile Life and Left-right Shell Asymmetry in Bivalves.

Bivalves are species-rich mollusks with prominent protective roles in coastal ecosystems. Across these ancient lineages, colony-founding larvae anchor themselves either by byssus production or by cemented attachment. The latter mode of sessile life is strongly molded by left-right shell asymmetry during larval development of Ostreoida oysters such as Crassostrea hongkongensis.

The chrysanthemum lavandulifolium genome and the molecular mechanism underlying diverse capitulum types.

Cultivated chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum × morifolium Ramat.) is a beloved ornamental crop due to the diverse capitula types among varieties, but the molecular mechanism of capitulum development remains unclear. Here, we report a 2.

Rose without prickle: genomic insights linked to moisture adaptation.

Prickles act against herbivores, pathogens or mechanical injury, while also preventing water loss. However, whether prickles have new function and the molecular genetics of prickle patterning remain poorly explored. Here, we generated a high-quality reference genome assembly for 'Basye's Thornless' (BT), a prickle-free cultivar of , to identify genetic elements related to stem prickle development.

Genomic signatures of vegetable and oilseed allopolyploid Brassica juncea and genetic loci controlling the accumulation of glucosinolates.

Allopolyploid Brassica juncea crops in Brassicaceae are becoming increasingly revitalized as vegetables and oilseeds owing to wide adaptability and significant economic values. However, the genomic differentiation of diversified vegetables and oilseed B. juncea and the genetic basis underlying glucosinolates accumulation have yet to be elucidated.

Noise annoyance and vibration perception assessment on passengers during train operation in Guangzhou Metro.

With the development of urban rail transit, taking the metro train has become one of the main modes of transportation, and passengers have an increasing demand for the comfort of taking the metro trains. This paper mainly discusses the impact of noise and vibration caused by metro train on passengers. All 13 metro lines in Guangzhou, China, were selected to conduct the questionnaire survey on the subjective perception of 601 respondents.

A high-quality genome assembly highlights rye genomic characteristics and agronomically important genes.

Rye is a valuable food and forage crop, an important genetic resource for wheat and triticale improvement and an indispensable material for efficient comparative genomic studies in grasses. Here, we sequenced the genome of Weining rye, an elite Chinese rye variety. The assembled contigs (7.