Prediction, identification, and analysis of major B-cell linear epitopes of bomb m 6 from silkworm pupa.

Bomb m 6 is one of the most representative allergens in silkworm pupae. The aim of the present study was to investigate the B-cell linear epitopes of Bomb m 6. Sequence propensity- and machine learning-based strategies were first used to predict 12 and 8 candidate epitopes, respectively.

Reducing the Allergenicity of β-Lactoglobulin by Covalent Modification with Different Contents of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG): and Studies.

β-Lactoglobulin (βLG) is a major allergen in bovine milk protein. This study was designed to investigate changes in βLG structure, digestibility, and allergenicity induced by covalent binding modification with different contents of (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG). The reaction of EGCG conjugation with βLG reached saturation at a molar ratio of 1:60 βLG:EGCG.

The Protective Effects of Silkworm () Pupae Peptides on UV-Induced Skin Photoaging in Mice.

Silkworm () pupae are popular edible insects with high nutritional and therapeutic value. Currently, there is growing interest in the comprehensive application of silkworm pupae. In this study, peptides that exhibited anti-photoaging activity were obtained from silkworm pupae protein, aiming to investigate the protective effects and potential mechanisms of silkworm pupae peptides (SPPs) on skin photoaging.

Effects of multiple metals exposure on abnormal liver function: The mediating role of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Equilibration of metal metabolism is critical for normal liver function. Most epidemiological studies have only concentrated on the influence of limited metals. However, the single and synergistic impact of multiple-metal exposures on abnormal liver function (ALF) are still unknown.

Purification, Immunological Identification, and Characterization of the Novel Silkworm Pupae Allergen Lipoprotein 3 (Bomb m 6).

Allergic reactions caused by silkworm pupae greatly limit their utilization, and studies suggest that silkworm pupae proteins of 25-30 kDa may be the principal allergens. To further understand these allergens, we attempted to purify a protein of about 30 kDa by ammonium sulfate salting, pH-graded precipitation, and ion-exchange chromatography. The protein was identified by mass spectrometry and characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectroscopy analyses.

Regulatory and functional divergence among members of , a sweet potato vacuolar invertase gene controlling starch and glucose content.

Sweet potato [ (L.) Lam.] is an important food and industrial crop.

IbInvInh2, a novel invertase inhibitor in sweet potato, regulates starch content through post-translational regulation of vacuolar invertase IbβFRUCT2.

As a key enzyme in the starch and sugar metabolic pathways in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.), the vacuolar invertase (EC 3.

Aggravation of food allergy symptoms by treatment with acrylamide in a mouse model.

Acrylamide (AA) forms during the thermal processing of food, but adversely affects human health. As the consumption of heat-processed foods increases, the potentially harmful effect of AA on food allergies needs to be clarified. Here, we investigated how AA affects the allergenicity of OVA in vivo using a mouse model of orally induced OVA allergy.

Modulating the allergenicity and functional properties of peanut protein by covalent conjugation with polyphenols.

Peanut protein is a common food allergen. Our previous study demonstrated that the allergenicity of Ara h1 declines after covalent conjugation with polyphenols in vitro; however, how polyphenols affect the structure, function, and allergenicity of peanut protein extract (PPE) after covalent conjugating needs clarifying. Here, we assessed how the structure, function, and allergenicity of PPE changed after covalent conjugation with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (PPE-EGCG) and chlorogenic acid (PPE-CA).

Application of Grafting Method in Resistance Identification of Sweet Potato Virus Disease and Resistance Evaluation of Elite Sweet Potato [ (L.) Lam] Varieties.

Sweet potato virus disease (SPVD) is one of the main virus diseases in sweet potato [ (L.) Lam] that seriously affects the yield of sweet potato. Therefore, the establishment of a simple, rapid and effective method to detect SPVD is of great significance for the early warning and prevention of this disease.

Bile Acid Profile Influences Digestion Resistance and Antigenicity of Soybean 7S Protein.

Soybean 7S storage protein (β-conglycinin) is the most important allergen, exhibits resistance in gastrointestinal (GI) digestion, and causes allergies in humans and animals. A previous study has demonstrated that 7S proteins contained innate amyloid aggregates, but the fate of these specific protein aggregates in intestinal digestion and correlation to allergenicity are unclear. In this study, a modified INFOGEST static digestion and IgE binding test, we illustrate that the survived amyloid aggregates of soybean 7S protein in GI digestion might be dominant IgE epitopes of soybean protein in humans.

Effect of Silkworm Pupa Protein Hydrolysates on Proliferation of Gastric Cancer Cells In Vitro.

The proliferation inhibition effects of the hydrolysates from silkworm pupa proteins on MGC-803 gastric cancer cells were investigated in this study. The specific morphological changes (cell membrane, cell nucleus and cytoskeleton) of cells were measured. In vitro, the proliferation of MGC-803 cells was inhibited by silkworm pupa protein hydrolysates (SPPHs) in a dose-dependent manner.

Functional and Allergenic Properties Assessment of Conalbumin (Ovotransferrin) after Oxidation.

Conalbumin (CA) is an iron-binding egg protein that has various bioactivities and causes major allergenicity in humans. This study investigated how oxidation affects the multiple functional properties of CA. The lipid peroxidation method was used to prepare treated CA [2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-CA and acrolein-CA] complexes.

DeepBindBC: A practical deep learning method for identifying native-like protein-ligand complexes in virtual screening.

Identifying native-like protein-ligand complexes (PLCs) from an abundance of docking decoys is critical for large-scale virtual drug screening in early-stage drug discovery lead searching efforts. Providing reliable prediction is still a challenge for most current affinity predicting models because of a lack of non-binding data during model training, lost critical physical-chemical features, and difficulties in learning abstract information with limited neural layers. In this work, we proposed a deep learning model, DeepBindBC, for classifying putative ligands as binding or non-binding.

Validation of Deep Learning-Based DFCNN in Extremely Large-Scale Virtual Screening and Application in Trypsin I Protease Inhibitor Discovery.

Computational methods with affordable computational resources are highly desirable for identifying active drug leads from millions of compounds. This requires a model that is both highly efficient and relatively accurate, which cannot be achieved by most of the current methods. In real virtual screening (VS) application scenarios, the desired method should perform much better in selecting active compounds by prediction than by random chance.

A new method to reduce allergenicity by improving the functional properties of soybean 7S protein through covalent modification with polyphenols.

The 7S fraction contains several major allergens of soybean protein. Here, the effects of covalent modification by chlorogenic acid (CHA) and (-)-epigallo-catechin 3-gallate (EGCG) on the allergenicity and functional properties of soybean 7S protein were investigated. Conjugation with EGCG and CHA resulted in the formation of cross-linked protein polymers and changes to the structures of the protein, which might mask or destroy the epitopes on it.

A Genetically Encoded Bioluminescent System for Fast and Highly Sensitive Detection of Antibodies with a Bright Green Fluorescent Protein.

A method for fast and highly sensitive detection of antibodies in serum would greatly facilitate the early diagnosis of disease and infection and dose optimization of therapeutic antibody. Bioluminescence detection with LUMABS (renamed mNeonG-LUMABS, where mNeonG is short for mNeonGreen) sensors based on bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) between blue-emitting luciferase Nluc and green fluorescent protein (FP) mNeonGreen has been demonstrated to enable fast detection of antibodies directly in serum with reasonable sensitivity. However, some mNeonG-LUMABS sensors exhibit low sensitivity, and thus, sensitivity improvement remains imperative.

Nutritional, functional, and allergenic properties of silkworm pupae.

Edible insects are a food source that has high nutritional value. Domestic silkworm pupae are an important by-product of sericulture and have a long history as food and feed ingredients in East Asia. Silkworm pupae are a good source of protein, lipids, minerals, and vitamins and are considered a good source of nutrients for humans.

Identification of potential allergens in larva, pupa, moth, silk, slough and feces of domestic silkworm (Bombyx mori).

The silkworm (Bombyx mori) is an important economic insect that can be used as food in many countries in Asia. However, silkworms and their metabolites are an important source of allergens, which can induce severe allergic reactions. So far, there are no systematic studies on the potential allergens in silkworm and its metabolites.

Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Conjugates of Lactoferrin and (-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate: Formation, Structure, Functionality, and Allergenicity.

The impact of covalent attachment of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) to lactoferrin (LF) on the structure, morphology, functionality, and allergenicity of the protein was studied. These polyphenol-protein conjugates were formed using various enzymatic (laccase- and tyrosinase-catalyzed oxidation) and nonenzymatic (free radical grafting and alkali treatment) methods. The preparation conditions for forming the enzymatic conjugates were optimized by exploring the influence of order-of-addition effects: protein, polyphenols, and enzymes.

Reducing the Allergenicity of α-Lactalbumin after Lipid Peroxidation.

This study analyzed the effect of lipid peroxidation using 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride (AAPH) and acrolein on the and allergenicity of α-lactalbumin (α-La). The structure of oxidized α-La was evaluated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, fluorescence spectroscopy, and circular dichroism, whereas the changes in the allergenic properties were evaluated. Lipid peroxidation induced changes to the structural properties that might destroy and/or mask α-La epitopes.

Changes in structure and allergenicity of shrimp tropomyosin by dietary polyphenols treatment.

Here, the potential allergenicity of shrimp tropomyosin (TM) after conjugation with chlorogenic acid (CA) and (-)-epigallo-catechin 3-gallate (EGCG) was assessed. Conformational structures of TM-polyphenol complexes were detected using SDS-PAGE, circular dichroism (CD), and fluorescence. Potential allergenicity was assessed by immunological methods, a rat basophil leukemia cell model (RBL-2H3), and in vivo assays.

Effect of heat, enzymatic hydrolysis and acid-alkali treatment on the allergenicity of silkworm pupa protein extract.

Silkworm pupae are edible insects with high-quality nutrition in many Asian countries, but consumption of silkworm pupae can cause severe IgE-mediated allergic disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of heat, enzymatic hydrolysis and acid-alkali treatment on the allergenicity of silkworm pupa protein extract (SPPE). Heating reduced the allergenicity of SPPE when the temperature was higher than 60 °C.