Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells suppress activated CD4 T cells proliferation through TGF-beta and IL10 dependent of autophagy in pathological hypoxic microenvironment.

Background: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) mediated immunomodulation by secreting certain bioactive cytokines has been recognized as a promising approach for disease treatment. However, microenvironmental oxygen tension affect immunomodulatory functions and activate autophagy in BMSCs. The mechanism governing BMSCs immunomodulation in hypoxia hasn't been expounded clearly.

Tenogenic differentiation of human tendon-derived stem cells induced by long non-coding RNA LINCMD1 via miR-342-3p/EGR1 axis.

Background: Tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) are proposed as a potential cell-seed for the treatment of tendon injury due to their tenogenic differentiation potential. In this work, we defined the action of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) muscle differentiation 1 (LINCMD1) in tenogenic differentiation of human TDSCs (hTDSCs).

Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to assess the levels of LINCMD1, microRNA (miR)-342-3p, and early growth response-1 (EGR1) mRNA.

miR-219-5p attenuates cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer by inactivating Wnt/β-catenin signaling and autophagy via targeting HMGA2.

Our previous study confirmed that miR-219-5p inhibits the progression of ovarian cancer (OC) by targeting high mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2), while the role of miR-219-5p on the chemoresistance of OC is unclear. HMGA2 and miR-219-5p expression in OC tumors and various types of OC cells were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. The miRNA profiles in A2780 and cisplatin-resistant A2780 cells were investigated via bulk miRNA sequencing, and the interactions of miR-219-5p and HMGA2 were determined by luciferase reporter activity assay.

Repairing sciatic nerve injury with self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffold-containing chitosan conduit.

Background: An increasing number of nerve guide scaffolds have been used to replace the "gold-standard" autologous nerve graft for repairing peripheral nerve defects, but nerve regeneration is usually far from complete.

Methods: Here, we designed and prepared two functionalized self-assembling peptides (SAP) with the IKVAV and KLT sequences, which were derived from the combination of laminin and VEGF, respectively. Their mixtures were also obtained to combine the effects of neuroprotective and neurotrophic and proangiogenic factors.

Effect of N-cadherin on Chondrogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Wnt Signaling Pathway.

This study aimed to compare and analyze the effect of N-cadherin on chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and to explore the related mechanism, so as to provide a novel theoretical basis for the clinical work of articular cartilage injury regeneration and repair. For this purpose, the experimental animals were clean grade SD rats (aged 5-6 weeks, weighing 180-250g). Alcian blue staining was carried out to observe the induced chondrogenesis following N-cadherin inhibition.

Scapular bone grafting with allograft pin fixation for repair of bony Bankart lesions: A biomechanical study.

Background: Severe bony Bankart lesions are a difficult challenge in clinical treatment and research. The current treatment methods consist mostly of Latarjet-Bristow surgery and its modified procedures. While good results have been achieved, there are also complications such as coracoid fracture, bone graft displacement, and vascular and nerve injury.

[Biomechanical study on different high-strength sutures and suture site for repairing posterior root tear of the medial meniscus].

Objective: To compare biomechanical characteristic of different high-strength sutures and suture sites for repairing posterior root tear of the medial meniscus with modified Mason-Allen technique.

Methods: Forty-eight specimen of medial meniscus of knee joint from fresh porcine (female, aged from 5 to 9 months with an average of 7 months) were chosen and established experimental model. The samples were divided into red zone fixation group and red-white zone fixation group according to suture sites, 24 in each group; and then were randomly divided into 3 subgroups which 8 in each group, and fixed with Ethibond suture, Ultrabraid suture and FiberWire suture, respectively.

Isolated Partial Femoral Avulsion Fracture of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament in Adults.

Objective: To investigate the manifestation, mechanisms, and treatment of isolated partial femoral avulsion fractures of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) in adults.

Methods: From January 2011 to December 2018, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of three patients with isolated partial femoral avulsion fractures of the PCL who were admitted to our institution. All of these patients were admitted to our emergency department within 24 h after injury.

Effect of Capsular Closure on Outcomes of Hip Arthroscopy for Femoracetabular Impingement: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of hip arthroscopy with or without capsular closure in femoracetabular impingement (FAI) by meta-analysis.

Methods: Pertinent studies were identified by searching Pubmed, EMBASE databases with the last search update on 16 February 2020. Studies that reported hip arthroscopy for FAI were collected.

Synergistic effects of dual-presenting VEGF- and BDNF-mimetic peptide epitopes from self-assembling peptide hydrogels on peripheral nerve regeneration.

The crosstalk between vascularization and nerve regeneration in the peripheral nervous system has recently been suggested to play an important role in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury. Regenerative strategies via synergistic delivery of multiple biochemical cues have received growing attention, especially the combination of pro-angiogenic factors and neurotrophic factors. Here we developed a self-assembling peptide nanofiber hydrogel dual-functionalized with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)- and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)-mimetic peptide epitopes for peripheral nerve reconstruction.

Histology and molecular pathology of iliotibial tract contracture in patients with gluteal muscle contracture.

The present study aimed to examine the pathologic changes of the iliotibial tract and discusses its relationship with gluteal muscle contracture. Samples of contractual iliotibial tracts were collected from six patients with contractures of the gluteal muscles and iliotibial tracts during their surgical treatment. Samples of normal iliotibial tracts were collected from six patients receiving surgeries for avascular necrosis of the femoral head who had no contractures of the gluteal muscles and iliotibial tracts.

[Progress on relationship between transforming growth factor-beta1 and tendinopathy].

As a common soft tissue disease, the mechanism of tendinopathy has not been clarified and is lack of effective treatment method. Change of tissue fibrosis is the one of the main pathological features. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), which is one of the important factor, participated in fibrosis.

Polymer-Polymer Interfacial Perturbation on the Glass Transition of Supported Low Molecular Weight Polystyrene Thin Films.

Clarifying interfacial perturbation on polymer relaxation is important for polymer material development. Herein we investigated polymer-polymer interfacial perturbation on low molecular weight (MW) polystyrene (PS) thin film (15-180 nm) glass transition by depositing various polymers atop PS films. Overall, rubbery topcoats induced depression of PS thin film (below 60 nm), while glassy topcoats induced elevation of PS thin film (below 30 nm).

Increased recruitment of endogenous stem cells and chondrogenic differentiation by a composite scaffold containing bone marrow homing peptide for cartilage regeneration.

Even small cartilage defects could finally degenerate to osteoarthritis if left untreated, owing to the poor self-healing ability of articular cartilage. Stem cell transplantation has been well implemented as a common approach in cartilage tissue engineering but has technical complexity and safety concerns. The stem cell homing-based technique emerged as an alternative promising therapy for cartilage repair to overcome traditional limitations.

In Situ Articular Cartilage Regeneration through Endogenous Reparative Cell Homing Using a Functional Bone Marrow-Specific Scaffolding System.

In situ tissue regeneration by homing endogenous reparative cells to the injury site has been extensively researched as a promising alternative strategy to facilitate tissue repair. In this study, a promising scaffolding system DCM-RAD/SKP, which integrated a decellularized cartilage matrix (DCM)-derived scaffold with a functionalized self-assembly Ac-(RADA)-CONH/Ac-(RADA)GGSKPPGTSS-CONH (RAD/SKP) peptide nanofiber hydrogel, was designed for repairing rabbit osteochondral defect. In vitro experiments showed that rabbit bone marrow stem cells migrated into and have higher affinity toward the functional scaffolding system DCM-RAD/SKP than the control scaffolds.

Efficacy of Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell Transplantation in Rat Models with Traumatic Thoracic Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating disease that results in severe motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction, for which there are currently no available treatments. Subsequent to the primary mechanical damage, progressive secondary damage further exacerbates the functional deficit. Demyelination may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SCI.

Results of arthroscopic fixation of Mason type II radial head fractures using Kirschner wires.

The goals of this study are to report an arthroscopic technique for the treatment of Mason type II radial head fractures using Kirschner wires (K-wires), and investigate the feasibility and evaluate the results.We retrospectively review 18 cases of closed Mason type II radial head fractures treated in our institution from August 2010 to May 2015. There were 13 males and 5 females with an average age of 30.

[Progress on graft and fixation options of arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction].

Anterior cruciate ligament injury is one of the most common injuries of knee joint. Arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament is the most commonly performed procedure. A variety type of fixation techniques are being used nowadays, such as interference screw, cortical suspension fixation and transfix, all of which can achieve good effect, with both advantages and disadvantages.

Controllable Hierarchical Surface Patterns of Supramolecular Hydrogels: Harnessing Buckling Instability by Confinement.

Patterned surfaces of responsive polymers find applications in diverse fields. However, it is still a great challenge to fabricate hierarchical patterns with long-range orders. Herein controllable hierarchical surface patterns that can be fabricated by combining nanoembossing techniques with the surface instability of supramolecular hydrogels are presented.

[Pre-implantation of high-intensity suture into tendon grafts to prevent postoperative graft relaxation and creep in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction].

Objective: To explore the feasibility of pre-implantation of high-intensity suture into tendon grafts to prevent postoperative graft relaxation and creep in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Methods: Thirty-six specimens of ACL reconstruction graft were made using adult swine's Achilles tendon. All the specimens were randomly divided into experimental group (groups A and C) and control group (groups B and D), 9 specimens each group.

[A review of research on the application of small intestinal submucosa in repairing osteoarticular injury].

The ideal treatment and recovery of osteoarticular injury remain to be resolved. Small intestinal submucosa (SIS), a naturally-occurring decellularized extracellular matrix, has been recognized as an ideal scaffold for tissue engineering and widely used in repairing various tissues and organs. Nowadays its application has also been gradually increased in the field of orthopedics.

[Clinical observation of arthroscopic debridement for acute gouty arthritis of the ankle].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of arthroscopic debridement for acute gouty arthritis of the ankle.

Methods: Forty-one patients with acute gouty arthritis of the ankle were treated under arthroscopy from January 2010 to June 2012. All the patients were male, age in ranging from 28 to 69 years with an average of 43 years.

A novel suture anchor constructed of cortical bone for rotator cuff repair: a biomechanical study on sheep humerus specimens.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate biomechanical properties of a new type of suture anchors constructed of human cortical allograft bone and compare it with the similar standard titanium screw anchor for rotator cuff tears in sheep humerus model.

Methods: Twenty-four paired sheep humeri were harvested from 12 male sheep aged 18 months. Specimens were divided into cortical bone anchor group and titanium screw anchor group.

MicroRNA-26a induces osteosarcoma cell growth and metastasis via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a type of highly conserved, small non-coding RNA that are vital to the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression via base pairing with target mRNA 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTRs). Several studies have indicated that the abnormal expression of miRNAs occurs frequently in human osteosarcoma (OS). In the present study, the role of miR-26a in the progression and metastasis of OS was investigated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, a luciferase activity assay, cell viability assay, migration and invasion assays, transfection and western blot analysis.

[BIOMECHANICAL STUDY ON SUTURE WITH NECKWEAR-KNOT-LOOP-LIGATURE FOR TIBIAL EMINENCE AVULSION FRACTURES].

Objective: To study the biomechanical stability of neckwear-knot-loop-ligature fixation for tibial eminence avulsion fractures by comparing with cannulated screw fixation and suture anchor fixation.

Methods: Twenty-four fresh porcine knee joints were selected. After the model of tibial eminence avulsion fracture (type III) was made, 24 samples were randomly divided into 3 groups: neckwear-knot-loop-ligature group (group A), cannulated screw group (group B), and suture anchor group (group C), 8 samples in each group.