Improving Functional Muscle Regeneration in Volumetric Muscle Loss Injuries by Shifting the Balance of Inflammatory and Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators.

Severe tissue loss resulting from extremity trauma, such as volumetric muscle loss (VML), poses significant clinical challenges for both general and military populations. VML disrupts the endogenous tissue repair mechanisms, resulting in acute and unresolved chronic inflammation and immune cell presence, impaired muscle healing, scar tissue formation, persistent pain, and permanent functional deficits. The aberrant healing response is preceded by acute inflammation and immune cell infiltration which does not resolve.

Association of aspirin use with risk of intracerebral hemorrhage in patients without history of stroke or transient ischemic attack in the UK Biobank.

Background: The association between aspirin use and the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) among individuals without previous stroke events is inconclusive.

Aim: We investigated the association between regular aspirin use and ICH risk in middle-aged and older adults without previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Methods: This prospective population-based study included participants older than 40 years with no history of stroke or TIA from the UK Biobank.

The synchronous upregulation of a specific protein cluster in the blood predicts both colorectal cancer risk and patient immune status.

Background: Early detection and treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) is crucial for improving patient survival rates. This study aims to identify signature molecules associated with CRC, which can serve as valuable indicators for clinical hematological screening.

Method: We have systematically searched the Human Protein Atlas database and the relevant literature for blood protein-coding genes.

Genetically proxied appendicular lean mass and stroke risk: A two-step mendelian randomization study.

Background And Purpose: Prior observational studies have suggested a strong correlation between sarcopenia and stroke, but the causal link between them remains uncertain. This study aims to investigate the associations between genetically predicted sarcopenia-related traits and stroke using a two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Methods: Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data for sarcopenia-related traits were acquired from the UK Biobank.

Lipidome Changes Associated with a Diet-Induced Reduction in Hepatic Fat among Adolescent Boys with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Little is known about lipid changes that occur in the setting of metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) regression. We previously reported improvements in hepatic steatosis, de novo lipogenesis (DNL), and metabolomic profiles associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and selected lipid metabolism in 40 adolescent boys (11-16 y) with hepatic steatosis ≥5% (98% meeting the definition of MASLD). Participants were randomized to a low-free-sugar diet (LFSD) (n = 20) or usual diet (n = 20) for 8 weeks.

Early blood pressure lowering therapy is associated with good functional outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: The implementation of a care bundle might improve functional outcome for patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, the impact of anti-hypertensive treatment on ICH outcomes remains uncertain. Our objective is to examine whether early blood pressure (BP) lowering therapy within first 12 h is associated with good outcome in ICH patients.

Age-related differences in risk factors, clinical characteristics, and outcomes for intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background And Purpose: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe form of stroke that remains understudied in the young adults. We aimed to investigate the clinical presentation, and risk factors associated with ICH in this age group and compare them to older patients.

Methods: Our study included ICH patients admitted between March 2016 and December 2021 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from our ongoing prospective cohort database.

Impact of early cognitive impairment on outcome trajectory in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective: To assess the prevalence and factors associated with early cognitive impairment in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients and to describe short-term recovery trajectories among ICH patients with early cognitive impairment.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled ICH patients without baseline dementia in our institutions. Cognitive function was assessed using mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and functional outcome was evaluated at discharge, 3, and 6 months after symptoms onset using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS).

Ultraearly Intraventricular Hemorrhage Growth Predicts Early Neurologic Deterioration and Poor Functional Outcome After Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background The presence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) was extensively investigated and was associated with poor outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, the effect of the speed of ventricular bleeding on outcomes is unknown. Methods and Results We prospectively included patients with ICH who had baseline computed tomography scans within 6 hours after ictus between January 2016 and October 2021.

Multiplatform analyses reveal distinct drivers of systemic pathogenesis in adult versus pediatric severe acute COVID-19.

The pathogenesis of multi-organ dysfunction associated with severe acute SARS-CoV-2 infection remains poorly understood. Endothelial damage and microvascular thrombosis have been identified as drivers of COVID-19 severity, yet the mechanisms underlying these processes remain elusive. Here we show alterations in fluid shear stress-responsive pathways in critically ill COVID-19 adults as compared to non-COVID critically ill adults using a multiomics approach.

High-efficiency liquid luminescent solar concentrator based on CsPbBr quantum dots.

The performance degradation is still a challenge for the development of conventional polymer luminescent solar concentrator (LSC). Liquid LSC (L-LSC) may be an alternative due to polymerization-free fabrication. Here, we have prepared a CsPbBr quantum dots (QDs)-based L-LSC by injecting the QDs solution into a self-assembly quartz glass mold.

Isosilybin regulates lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation via the AMPK/SREBP-1c/PPARα pathway.

It is well known that the excessive accumulation of lipid in hepatocytes is one of the important causes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of isosilybin on lipid metabolism in free fatty acids (FFAs) or TO901317-induced HepG2 cells. Cells were treated with FFAs (oleic acid: palmitic acid, 2:1) or TO901317 to induce steatosis in vitro.

Simultaneous Determination of Nitrite and Azide Ions in Valsartan.

Objective: This study aimed to establish an ion chromatography for the simultaneous determination of nitrite and azide ions in valsartan.

Methods: Dionex IonpacAG18 (4 × 50 mm2) and Dionex IonpacAS18 (4 × 250 mm2) were used as the 2D guard column and analytical column, respectively. Dionex AMGTMC18 (4 × 30 mm2) was used as a 1D pre-separation column and Dionex UTAC-ULP1 as the concentration column.

A new nomogram for individualized prediction of the probability of hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis for ischemic stroke patients.

Background: A reliable scoring tool to detect the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) after intravenous thrombolysis for ischemic stroke is warranted. The present study was designed to develop and validate a new nomogram for individualized prediction of the probability of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in patients treated with intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA).

Methods: We enrolled patients who suffered from acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with IV rt-PA treatment in our emergency green channel between August 2016 and July 2018.

H-Type Hypertension Is a Risk Factor for Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease.

Background: The correlation between H-type hypertension and cerebral small-vessel diseases (CSVD) remains uncertain.

Objective: The present study was designed to explore the possible relationship between H-type hypertension and CSVD spectrum and total burden.

Method: We included 329 patients in the present study and divided them into four groups: the H-type hypertension group, isolated hypertension group, isolated hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) group, and control group.

Next-Generation Glycan Microarray Enabled by DNA-Coded Glycan Library and Next-Generation Sequencing Technology.

Interactions of glycans with proteins, cells, and microorganisms play important roles in cell-cell adhesion and host-pathogen interaction. Glycan microarray technology, in which multiple glycan structures are immobilized on a single glass slide and interrogated with glycan-binding proteins (GBPs), has become an indispensable tool in the study of protein-glycan interactions. Despite its great success, the current format of the glycan microarray requires expensive, specialized instrumentation and labor-intensive assay and image processing procedures, which limit automation and possibilities for high-throughput analyses.

Effect of Expiratory Muscle Strength Training on Swallowing and Cough Functions in Patients With Neurological Diseases: A Meta-analysis.

Objective: The aim of this review was to evaluate and summarize the results of published studies exploring the effects of expiratory muscle strength training on swallowing and cough functions in patients with neurological diseases.

Data Sources: The study used Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library as data sources.

Review Methods: Randomized controlled trials or pretest/posttest studies of adults with neurological diseases were included.

Effects of capsaicin on swallowing function in stroke patients with dysphagia: A randomized controlled trial.

Background/aims: Dysphagia is a common complication after acute stroke. While there are several innovative treatments being tested to improve the swallowing function of stroke patients with dysphagia, our aim is to explore the use of readily available natural capsaicin in stroke patients with dysphagia.

Study Design: A randomized, double-blind study.

The global burden of cerebral small vessel disease related to neurological deficit severity and clinical outcomes of acute ischemic stroke after IV rt-PA treatment.

Background And Purpose: Various types of cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVD) are commonly coexisting and the clinical outcome possibly is determined by their combined effect. The present study was designed to explore the possible relationship between the global burden of CSVD and clinical outcomes after recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) treatment of ischemic stroke.

Methods: We enrolled patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after IV rt-PA treatment between August 2016 and July 2018.

Effects of not monitoring gastric residual volume in intensive care patients: A meta-analysis.

Background: Monitoring gastric residual volume has been a common practice in intensive care patients receiving enteral feeding worldwide. Recent studies though, have challenged the reliability and necessity of this routine monitoring process. Several studies even reported improvements in the delivery of enteral feeding without monitoring gastric residual volume, while incurring no additional adverse events.

Anthranilic Acid as a Versatile Fluorescent Tag and Linker for Functional Glycomics.

The advancement of glycoscience is critically dependent on the access to a large number of glycans for their functional study. Naturally occurring glycans are considered a viable source for diverse and biologically relevant glycan libraries. A mixture of free reducing glycans released from natural sources can be fluorescently tagged and separated by chromatography to produce a natural glycan library.

Formation, Microstructure, and Conductivity of a Novel GaS-SbS-AgI Chalcogenide System.

Novel glasses in a GaS-SbS-AgI system were prepared with a melt-quenching method, and their glass-forming region was identified. The maximum dissolvable AgI in glasses was 65 mol%. The thermal, optical, and structural properties of glasses were investigated as a function of AgI and GaS contents.

Transcriptional profiling of rat skeletal muscle hypertrophy under restriction of blood flow.

Blood flow restriction (BFR) under low-intensity resistance training (LIRT) can produce similar effects upon muscles to that of high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) while overcoming many of the restrictions to HIRT that occurs in a clinical setting. However, the potential molecular mechanisms of BFR induced muscle hypertrophy remain largely unknown. Here, using a BFR rat model, we aim to better elucidate the mechanisms regulating muscle hypertrophy as induced by BFR and reveal possible clinical therapeutic targets for atrophy cases.

[Research advance on signaling pathways and protein metabolism for skeletal muscle disuse atrophy].

Disuse atrophy of skeletal muscle is a common clinical problem and its exact mechanisms have not been fully understood. Previous studies suggested that disuse muscle atrophy is realized through the activation of one or more cell signaling pathways, but studies have shown that disuse atrophy is the activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome caused extensive decomposition of the protein. The present researches for disuse atrophy mainly focus on regulatory role in the upstream signaling molecules MuRF1 and Atroginl/MAFbx by NF-kappaB, IGF-1/PI3K/Akt, TGF-beta/Smad and MAPK signal pathway and a plurality of signal pathway activation or inhibition and interaction,and then through the ubiquitin--proteasome to influence the metabolism of protein.