Ectopic adrenocortical adenoma characterized by hypogonadism: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Currently, there is a scarcity of cases and diagnostic data regarding ectopic adrenocortical adenomas, particularly in relation to their impact on gonadal function and localization diagnostic techniques. We report a typical case of ectopic adrenocortical adenomas and the data of treatment follow-up, and review the literature of 31 available cases of ectopic adrenocortical adenomas.

Case Presentation: A 27-year-old Chinese female patient was admitted to our hospital for hypertension, hyperglycaemia and primary amenorrhea.

Development and validation of machine learning-augmented algorithm for insulin sensitivity assessment in the community and primary care settings: a population-based study in China.

Objective: Insulin plays a central role in the regulation of energy and glucose homeostasis, and insulin resistance (IR) is widely considered as the "common soil" of a cluster of cardiometabolic disorders. Assessment of insulin sensitivity is very important in preventing and treating IR-related disease. This study aims to develop and validate machine learning (ML)-augmented algorithms for insulin sensitivity assessment in the community and primary care settings.

Suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is associated with the severity of prognosis in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Background: The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome novel coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 has been found to cause multiple organ damage; however, little attention has been paid to the damage to the endocrine system caused by this virus, and the subsequent impact on prognosis. This may be the first research on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis and prognosis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Prognostic Value of Leucocyte to High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol Ratios in COVID-19 Patients and the Diabetes Subgroup.

Background: Blood parameters, such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, have been identified as reliable inflammatory markers with diagnostic and predictive value for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, novel hematological parameters derived from high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) have rarely been studied as indicators for the risk of poor outcomes in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Here, we aimed to assess the prognostic value of these novel biomarkers in COVID-19 patients and the diabetes subgroup.

Short-Term Changes in Metabolically Healthy Overweight/Obesity Status Impact the Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese Adults.

Purpose: Changes in transition from metabolically healthy overweight/obesity (MHO) to metabolically unhealthy overweight/obesity (MUO) are associated with the risk for cardiometabolic complications. This study aims to investigate the effects of short-term dynamic changes in body mass index (BMI) and metabolic status on the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to identify biological predictors for the MHO-to-MUO transition.

Patients And Methods: A total of 4604 subjects from the REACTION study were included for a 3-year follow-up.

Vascular endothelial growth factor B promotes transendothelial fatty acid transport into skeletal muscle via histone modifications during catch-up growth.

Caloric restriction (CR) followed by refeeding, a phenomenon known as catch-up growth (CUG), results in excessive lipid deposition and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Recent reports have suggested that vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B) controls muscle lipid accumulation by regulating endothelial fatty acid transport. Here, we found continuous activation of VEGF-B signaling and increased lipid uptake in skeletal muscle from CR to refeeding, as well as increased lipid deposition and impaired insulin sensitivity after refeeding in the skeletal muscle of CUG rodents.

Impaired Fasting Glucose and Diabetes Are Related to Higher Risks of Complications and Mortality Among Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Diabetes correlates with poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19, but very few studies have evaluated whether impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is also a risk factor for the poor outcomes of patients with COVID-19. Here we aimed to examine the associations between IFG and diabetes at admission with risks of complications and mortality among patients with COVID-19. In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, we enrolled 312 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 from 5 hospitals in Wuhan from Jan 1 to Mar 17, 2020.

Newly diagnosed diabetes is associated with a higher risk of mortality than known diabetes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Aim: To evaluate the association between different degrees of hyperglycaemia and the risk of all-cause mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Materials And Methods: In a retrospective study conducted from 22 January to 17 March 2020, 453 patients were admitted to Union Hospital in Wuhan, China, with laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Patients were classified into four categories: normal glucose, hyperglycaemia (fasting glucose 5.

High fat-induced inflammation in vascular endothelium can be improved by and metformin via increasing the expressions of miR-146a and miR-155.

Background: Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation, which contributes to cardiovascular diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are reported to be involved in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. (AE) and metformin have been suggested to improve inflammation in vascular system.

Evaluation of Serum microRNAs in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Nested Case-Controlled Study and Bioinformatics Analysis.

BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) can result in end-stage kidney disease and renal failure. This study aimed to examine the expression of serum microRNAs (miRNAs), miR-20a, miR-99b, miR-122-5p, and miR-486-5p, and to use bioinformatics data to investigate the pathways involved in DKD. MATERIAL AND METHODS Serum miRNAs were obtained from 25 healthy volunteers, 50 patients with non-complicated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 42 patients with T2DM and DKD.

NADPH oxidase 4 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase contribute to endothelial dysfunction mediated by histone methylations in metabolic memory.

"Metabolic memory" is identified as a phenomenon that transient hyperglycemia can be remembered by vasculature for quite a long term even after reestablishment of normoglycemia. NADPH oxidases (Noxs) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) are important enzymatic sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in diabetic vasculature. The aim of this study is to explore the roles of epigenetics and ROS derived from Noxs and eNOS in the metabolic memory.

The MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Memory.

"Metabolic memory" is identified as a phenomenon that previous exposure to hyperglycemia results in the long-lasting deleterious effects on cardiovascular events. More and more researches show that epigenetics plays an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic memory. It remains unclear whether microRNA (miRNA) dysfunctions participate in the event.