Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) develop from hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs) during mouse embryogenesis. Understanding the signaling molecules required for HSC development is crucial for the in vitro derivation of HSCs. We previously induced HSCs from embryonic HECs, isolated at embryonic day 10.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAtherosclerosis is often accompanied by inflammation and oxidative stress. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) can damage the vascular endothelium, leading to endothelial dysfunction and reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Further accumulation of ROS contributes to vascular cell damage, lipid peroxidation, and extracellular matrix deposition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRice is the leading global staple crop. Low temperatures pose negative impacts on rice's optimal growth and development. Rice cultivars acclimating to low temperatures exhibited improved seedling emergence under direct-seeded sowing conditions, yet little is known about the genes that regulate germination at low temperatures (LTG).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) develop from hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs) in vivo during mouse embryogenesis. When cultured in vitro, cells from the embryo phenotypically defined as pre-HSC-I and pre-HSC-II have the potential to differentiate into HSCs. However, minimal factors required for HSC induction from HECs have not yet been determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRationale: Because of the normal phenotype, carriers of specific chromosomal translocations are often diagnosed only after their development of associated malignancies, recurrent miscarriages, and reproductive difficulties. In this paper, we report primary balanced fetal chromosomal translocations by performing the necessary invasive prenatal diagnosis in couples with previous malformations coupled with prenatal testing suggesting a high risk for trisomy 21.
Patient Concerns: Case 1 and Case 2 couples had malformed children, and Case 3 couples had a high risk of trisomy 21 on noninvasive preconception serological testing.
In direct seeding, hypoxia is a major stress faced by rice plants. Therefore, dissecting the response mechanism of rice to hypoxia stress and the molecular regulatory network is critical to the development of hypoxia-tolerant rice varieties and direct seeding of rice. This review summarizes the morphological, physiological, and ecological changes in rice under hypoxia stress, the discovery of hypoxia-tolerant and germination-related genes/QTLs, and the latest research on candidate genes, and explores the linkage of hypoxia tolerance genes and their distribution in indica and japonica rice through population variance analysis and haplotype network analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) comprise an antibody, linker, and drug, which direct their highly potent small molecule drugs to target tumor cells via specific binding between the antibody and surface antigens. The antibody, linker, and drug should be properly designed or selected to achieve the desired efficacy while minimizing off-target toxicity. With a unique and complex structure, there is inherent heterogeneity introduced by product-related variations and the manufacturing process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe size variant, which can be measured by capillary electrophoresis sodium dodecyl sulfate (CE-SDS), is a critical quality attribute of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The CE-SDS size heterogeneity can hardly be identified by tandem mass spectrometry, which is an intractable obstacle of mAb development and quality control across the industry. We analyzed the purity of an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) mAb, an antagonist of the human VEGFR-2, through reduced CE-SDS and observed glycosylated heavy chain heterogeneity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study aims to identify and analyze the risk factors associated with Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis (CNM) in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) patients.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study involving the clinicopathological data of 2384 PTC patients admitted to our hospital between January 2016 and December 2020. All relevant data were statistically processed and analyzed.
Drought is one of the key environmental factors affecting the growth and yield potential of rice. Grain shape, on the other hand, is an important factor determining the appearance, quality, and yield of rice grains. Here, we re-sequenced 275 accessions and then conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on six agronomic traits with the 404,411 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) derived by the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) for each trait.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Saline-alkali stress is one of the main abiotic factors limiting rice production worldwide. With the widespread use of rice direct seeding technology, it has become increasingly important to improve rice saline-alkali tolerance at the germination stage.
Methods: To understand the genetic basis of saline-alkali tolerance and facilitate breeding efforts for developing saline-alkali tolerant rice varieties, the genetic basis of rice saline-alkali tolerance was dissected by phenotyping seven germination-related traits of 736 diverse rice accessions under the saline-alkali stress and control conditions using genome-wide association and epistasis analysis (GWAES).
Critical quality attributes (CQAs) of recombinant monoclonal antibody therapeutics are constantly monitored throughout the life cycle of drug development and manufacturing. In the past few decades, numerous analytical techniques have been developed for the characterization of CQAs. In this regard, non-reduced and reduced capillary electrophoresis - sodium dodecyl sulfate (CE-SDS) methods have been widely adopted by the biopharmaceutical industry for the evaluation of size-related heterogeneities in biologics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo pairs of unprecedented enantiomeric phthalide dimers, spiroligustolides A (1a/1b) and B (2a/2b), featuring a unique spiroorthoster linkage between two monomeric units to form a 5/6/5/6/6-fused ring system, were isolated from the roots of Ligusticum chuanxiong. The structures and relative configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by HR-ESI-MS, IR, and NMR spectroscopic data, coupled with single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and the absolute configurations of 1a, 1b, 2a, and 2b were established by comparing the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. Plausible biosynthetic pathway for 1 and 2 was proposed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To understand the characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer in a specific geographical region.
Methods: The retrospective study was conducted at the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, China, and comprised clinical and pathological data of patients with gastric cancer treated from 2007 to 2017. Data was analysed according to the patients' ethnicity, gender, age, tumour location, differentiation degree, Bormann classification, tumour-nodes-metastases staging and pathological type.
Calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) are essential for growth of sugarcane leaves and roots, as well as respiration and nitrogen metabolism, respectively. To assist farmers decide suitable application rates of lime and Mg fertiliser, respectively, the Australian sugarcane industry established the Six-Easy-Steps nutrient management guidelines based on topsoil (0-0.3 m) Ca (cmol(+) kg) and Mg (cmol(+) kg).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Peptide analogues have attracted considerable attention in the field of developing novel positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agents due to their unique properties. Nevertheless, the complicated radiolabeling process and fast metabolism usually pose challenges to the clinical applications of peptide-based molecular probes. Herein a novel PET tracer containing a specific peptide sequence Arg-Val-Arg-Arg (RVRR), Acetyl-Arg-Val-Arg-Arg-Cys(StBu)-Gly(AMB[F]F)-CBT ([F]1), was designed and radiosynthesized using a simple and convenient one-step F-fluorination procedure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To characterize the molecular mechanism underlying the antineoplastic activity of Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. extracts (COE).
Methods: The human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells with mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) knockdown expressed (HepG2/mTOR) were constructed using molecular biological technology.
BMC Complement Altern Med
December 2018
Background: Celastrus orbiculatus (Celastraceae) are used as traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammation and cancer. This study aims to evaluate the effect of Celastrus orbiculatus extract (COE) on the apoptosis in human hepatic carcinoma HepG2 cells with mTOR overexpression.
Methods: The stable expression of mTOR in HepG2 cells (HepG2/mTOR) were established by lipofectin transfection of GV238-mTOR recombinant plasmids and further antibiotic selection.
Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of combined traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and conventional chemotherapy versus conventional chemotherapy in patients with stage II-IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after radical surgery.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients with stage II-IIIA NSCLC from Subei People's Hospital and Yangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital in Yangzhou City of Jiangsu Province from 2012 to 2016. Patients were divided into two groups: the TCM user group (patients receiving treatment with integrated TCM and conventional chemotherapy) and the non-TCM user group (patients receiving conventional chemotherapy only).
Objective: To evaluate the effects of Celastrus Orbiculatus extracts (COE) on metastasis in hypoxia-induced hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Methods: The effect of COE (160, 200 and 240 µ g/mL) on cell viability, scratch-wound, invasion and migration were studied by 3-4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), scratch-wound and transwell assays, respectively. CoCl was used to establish a hypoxia model in vitro.