Unveiling the "Template-Dependent" Inhibition on the Viral Transcription of SARS-CoV-2.

Remdesivir is one nucleotide analogue prodrug capable to terminate RNA synthesis in SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) by two distinct mechanisms. Although the "delayed chain termination" mechanism has been extensively investigated, the "template-dependent" inhibitory mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we have demonstrated that remdesivir embedded in the template strand seldom directly disrupted the complementary NTP incorporation at the active site.

Cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) promotes aortic endothelial inflammation and accelerates atherosclerosis through the NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β axis.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease. Pathophysiological similarities between chronic infections and atherosclerosis triggered interests between these conditions. The seroepidemiological study showed that Helicobacter pylori strains that express cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA), an oncoprotein and a major virulence factor, was positively correlated with atherosclerosis and related clinical events.

Estimated glomerular filtration rate and postoperative mortality in patients undergoing non-cardiac and non-neuron surgery: a single-center retrospective study.

Background: There is limited evidence to clarify the specific relationship between preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (preop-eGFR) and postoperative 30-day mortality in Asian patients undergoing non-cardiac and non-neuron surgery. We aimed to investigate details of this relationship.

Methods: We reanalyzed a retrospective analysis of the clinical records of 90,785 surgical patients at the Singapore General Hospital from January 1, 2012 to October 31, 2016.

The predictive accuracy of satellite sign for hematoma expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage: A meta-analysis.

Background And Purpose: Satellite sign is a novel neuroimaging marker for predicting hematoma expansion (HE), which is closely related to unfavorable prognosis in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, the predictive value of satellite sign varied according to previous studies. Thus, we conduct this meta-analysis to systematically review the application value of satellite sign in related studies.

Identifying potential serum biomarkers of breast cancer through targeted free fatty acid profiles screening based on a GC-MS platform.

Recent advances suggest that abnormal fatty acid metabolism highly correlates with breast cancer, which provide clues to discover potential biomarkers of breast cancer. This study aims to identify serum free fatty acid (FFA) metabolic profiles and screen potential biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and our in-house fatty acid methyl ester standard substances library were combined to accurately identify FFA profiles in serum samples of breast cancer patients and breast adenosis patients (as controls).

Anemia and perioperative mortality in non-cardiac surgery patients: a secondary analysis based on a single-center retrospective study.

Background: Evidence regarding the relationship between anemia and perioperative prognosis is controversial. The study was conducted to highlight the specific relationship between anemia and perioperative mortality in non-cardiac surgery patients over 18 years of age.

Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of the electronic medical records of 90,784 patients at the Singapore General Hospital from January 1, 2012 to October 31, 2016.

The relationship between anesthetic technique and thirty-day mortality in patients undergoing noncardiac- and nonneurosurgery: A retrospective, propensity score-matched cohort study.

Background: Currently, 310 million patients undergo surgery every year worldwide, and there is still controversy over which anesthetic technique to choose for a considerable of surgeries.This study evaluates the association of the anesthetic technique with thirty-day mortality after noncardiac- and nonneurosurgery.

Methods: Electronic medical records of 90,785 patients who underwent non-cardiac- and nonneurosurgery at the *** General Hospital from January 1, 2012 to October 31, 2016, were subject to secondary retrospective analysis.

Association of Triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and incident of diabetes mellitus: a secondary retrospective analysis based on a Chinese cohort study.

Background: Previous studies have revealed that triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C) is one of major risk factors of insulin resistance and diabetes. However, study on the association between TG/HDL-C and diabetes mellitus (DM) risk is limited, especially in Chinese people. This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between TG/HDL-C and incident of diabetes in a large cohort in Chinese population.

Dynasore suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and enhances the antitumor capacity of cisplatin via STAT3 pathway in osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor. The prognosis of metastatic and recurrent OS patients still remains unsatisfactory. Cisplatin reveals undeniable anti-tumor effect while induces severe side effects that threatening patients' health.

Identification of LCN1 as a Potential Biomarker for Breast Cancer by Bioinformatic Analysis.

The biological functions of lipocalin-1 (LCN1) are involved in innate immune responses and act as a physiological scavenger of potentially harmful lipophilic molecules. However, the relevance of LCN1 with cancer is rarely concerned currently. The aim of this study is to address the relevance of LCN1 with BRCA by bioinformatics.

Exosomal CagA derived from Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric epithelial cells induces macrophage foam cell formation and promotes atherosclerosis.

Background: Seroepidemiological studies have highlighted a positive relation between CagA-positive Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), atherosclerosis and related clinic events. However, this link has not been well validated.

LncRNA MIAT sponges miR-149-5p to inhibit efferocytosis in advanced atherosclerosis through CD47 upregulation.

Atherosclerotic cardio-cerebrovascular disease and death remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Defective efferocytosis, the clearance of apoptotic cells by macrophages, is thought to lead to increased inflammation and necrotic core formation in atherosclerotic lesions. However, very little is known about the role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) during this process.

MicroRNA-195 as a diagnostic biomarker in human cancer detection: A meta-analysis.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) show great promise as novel cancer biomarkers. Several studies have revealed an association between abnormal miRNA expression and the risk of various cancer types. However, the diagnostic accuracy and reliability of miRNAs remains unclear.

MicroRNA-23a-5p promotes atherosclerotic plaque progression and vulnerability by repressing ATP-binding cassette transporter A1/G1 in macrophages.

Disruption of carotid vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque is responsible for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and the early detection and intervention approach are greatly limited. Undertaking a microarray of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the plasma of AIS patients with carotid vulnerable plaques, miR-23a-5p was markedly elevated and was positively correlated with the plaque progression and vulnerability. Correspondingly, we found that miR-23a-5p expression was significantly increased in both plasma and macrophages from atherosclerosis mice.

BCSG1 siRNA delivered by lentiviral vector suppressed proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-231 cells.

Breast cancer-specific gene 1 (BCSG1), also referred to as γ-synuclein (SNCG), is highly expressed in human infiltrating breast carcinomas, but not in normal or benign breast tissue. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of BCSG1 siRNA delivered by lentiviral vector on breast cancer cells and investigate the underlying mechanisms. BCSG1 RNAi lentiviral vector was constructed and transfected into MDA-MB-231 cells.

LncRNA TUG1 sponges microRNA-9 to promote neurons apoptosis by up-regulated Bcl2l11 under ischemia.

Emerging studies have illustrated that LncRNAs TUG1 play critical roles in multiple biologic processes. However, the LncRNA TUG1 expression and function in ischemic stroke have not been reported yet. In this study, we found that LncRNA TUG1 expression was significantly up-regulated in brain ischemic penumbra from rat middle carotid artery occlusion (MCAO) model, while similar results were also observed in cultured neurons under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) insult.

siRNA-mediated suppression of collagen type iv alpha 2 (COL4A2) mRNA inhibits triple-negative breast cancer cell proliferation and migration.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is more aggressive than other breast cancer subtypes. Collagen type IV alpha 2 (COL4A2), a major component of the basement membrane, dynamically influences a wide range of biological processes, including cancer pathogenesis and progression. This study evaluated the effects of COL4A2 siRNA delivered by lentiviral vector to TNBC cells.

Puerarin Exerts a Delayed Inhibitory Effect on the Proliferation of Cardiomyocytes Derived from Murine ES Cells via Slowing Progression through G2/M Phase.

Objective: Puerarin, which shows beneficial and protective effects on cardiovascular diseases, is the main isoflavone extracted from Pueraria lobata (kudzu) root. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of puerarin on in vitro myocardial proliferation and its underlying mechanism.

Methods: Myocardial differentiation of transgenic embryonic stem (ES) cells was performed by embryoid body-based differentiation method.

Sociolinguistic awareness and false belief in young Cantonese learners of English.

In this study, we examined whether sociolinguistic awareness and false belief were uniquely related in 3- and 4-year-old Cantonese-speaking children learning English as a second language. The English-use background of these children varied so that they possessed sociolinguistic awareness to different degrees. Results indicated that sociolinguistic awareness predicted false belief uniquely after controlling for age, nonverbal intelligence, English vocabulary, and family income for both the second language learners and the more balanced bilinguals.