Nuclear Smooth Muscle α-actin Participates in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation.

Missense variants throughout , encoding smooth muscle α-actin (αSMA), predispose to adult-onset thoracic aortic disease, but variants disrupting arginine 179 (R179) lead to Smooth Muscle Dysfunction Syndrome (SMDS) characterized by diverse childhood-onset vascular diseases. Here we show that αSMA localizes to the nucleus in wildtype (WT) smooth muscle cells (SMCs), enriches in the nucleus with SMC differentiation, and associates with chromatin remodeling complexes and SMC contractile gene promotors. The p.

Maydistacins A-G, Terpestacin-type Sesterterpenoids with Anti-inflammatory Activity from the Phytopathogenic Fungus .

Seven undescribed terpestacin-type sesterterpenoids, maydistacins A-G (-), along with two known congeners ( and ), were isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus collected from the leaves of . The structures of - were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis, chemical methods, NMR calculations with DP4+ probability analysis, and comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. anti-inflammatory effects of these compounds were tested in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.

Dissolving Microneedles Loaded with Gestodene: Fabrication and Characterization In Vitro and In Vivo.

Background: Gestodene (GEST) is widely used in female contraception. It is currently being used as an oral contraceptive. However, unfortunately, oral contraceptives are often associated with several bothersome side effects and poor compliance.

Augmenting Mitochondrial Respiration in Immature Smooth Muscle Cells with an Pathogenic Variant Mitigates Moyamoya-like Cerebrovascular Disease.

pathogenic variants altering arginine 179 cause childhood-onset strokes due to moyamoya disease (MMD)-like occlusion of the distal internal carotid arteries. A smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific knock-in mouse model () inserted the mutation into 67% of aortic SMCs, whereas explanted SMCs were uniformly heterozygous. SMCs fail to fully differentiate and maintain stem cell-like features, including high glycolytic flux, and increasing oxidative respiration (OXPHOS) with nicotinamide riboside (NR) drives the mutant SMCs to differentiate and decreases migration.

Smooth muscle α-actin missense variant promotes atherosclerosis through modulation of intracellular cholesterol in smooth muscle cells.

Aims: The variant p.Arg149Cys in ACTA2, which encodes smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific α-actin, predisposes to thoracic aortic disease and early onset coronary artery disease in individuals without cardiovascular risk factors. This study investigated how this variant drives increased atherosclerosis.

Nuclear Smooth Muscle α-actin in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation.

Missense variants throughout , encoding smooth muscle α-actin (αSMA), predispose to adult onset thoracic aortic disease, but variants disrupting arginine 179 (R179) lead to Smooth Muscle Dysfunction Syndrome (SMDS) characterized by childhood-onset diverse vascular diseases. Our data indicate that αSMA localizes to the nucleus in wildtype (WT) smooth muscle cells (SMCs), enriches in the nucleus with SMC differentiation, and associates with chromatin remodeling complexes and SMC contractile gene promotors, and the p.R179 variant decreases nuclear localization of αSMA.

An FBN1 deep intronic variant is associated with pseudoexon formation and a variable Marfan phenotype in a five generation family.

Exome sequencing of genes associated with heritable thoracic aortic disease (HTAD) failed to identify a pathogenic variant in a large family with Marfan syndrome (MFS). A genome-wide linkage analysis for thoracic aortic disease identified a peak at 15q21.1, and genome sequencing identified a novel deep intronic FBN1 variant that segregated with thoracic aortic disease in the family (LOD score 2.

Reverse transcription-recombinase-aided amplification and CRISPR/Cas12a-based visual detection of maize chlorotic mottle virus.

Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) is one of the important quarantine pathogens in China. It often co-infects with one or two viruses in the family and causes maize lethal necrosis disease. Therefore, an accurate and sensitive method for the detection of MCMV is urgently needed.

Recombinase polymerase amplification assay for sensitive and rapid detection of southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus in plants.

Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) naturally infects rice and maize plants through white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera) causing significant crop losses in China and Vietnam. Thus, rapid and accurate detection methods for SRBSDV are urgently needed. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is a novel technique for rapid and sensitive detection of nucleic acids.

Association Between SGLT2is and Cardiovascular and Respiratory Diseases: A Meta-Analysis of Large Trials.

The association between sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and various cardiovascular and respiratory diseases is unestablished. This meta-analysis aimed to explore whether use of SGLT2is is significantly associated with the occurrences of 80 types of cardiovascular diseases and 55 types of respiratory diseases. Large randomized trials of SGLT2is were included in analysis.

Meta-analyzing the factors affecting the efficacy of gliflozins in patients with heart failure based on heart failure trials.

Background: The factors affecting the efficacy of gliflozins in patients with heart failure (HF) are not clear. We aimed to evaluate the effects of 11 important factors on the efficacy of gliflozins in HF patients.

Methods: Randomized trials assessing gliflozins in HF patients were included.

Comprehensive analysis of the safety of semaglutide in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of the SUSTAIN and PIONEER trials.

The PIONEER and SUSTAIN serial trials are designed to assess the efficacy outcomes with semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes, but are not powered to assess various safety outcomes. We sought to assess the risk of semaglutide in leading to various serious adverse events (SAEs) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Studies eligible for inclusion were the PIONEER and SUSTAIN trials of semaglutide.

Effect of rs4719839 polymorphism on risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia, expression of microRNA-148 and autophagy-related 16-like 1 (ATG16L1).

MiR-148 is a negative regulator of autophagy 16-like 1 (ATG16L1), a gene implicated in the pathogenesis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Therefore, the role of miR-148 polymorphism in the pathogenesis of VAP was studied here. The expression of miR-148, ATG16L1, Beclin-I, LC3-II, TNF-α and IL-6 in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of VAP patients was detected to study their relationship in the pathogenesis of VAP.

New secondary metabolites with immunosuppressive activity from the phytopathogenic fungus Bipolaris maydis.

Three previously undescribed compounds, including a meroterpenoid, guignardone T (1), and two ophiobolin-type sesterterpenoids, maydispenoids A and B (2 and 3), along with four known compounds (4-7), were isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Bipolaris maydis collected from Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl leaves. The structures of all undescribed compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

gga-miR-27b-3p enhances type I interferon expression and suppresses infectious bursal disease virus replication via targeting cellular suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 and 6 (SOCS3 and 6).

MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs playing an important role in host response to pathogenic infection. Here we show that IBDV infection induced the demethylation of the pre-miR-27 promoter and upregulated gga-miR-27b-3p expression. We found that ectopic expression of miR-27b-3p in DF-1 cells enhanced the expression of chicken IFN-β, IRF3 and NF-κB, via directly targeting cellular suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 and 6 (SOCS3 and 6), inhibiting IBDV replication in host cells, while inhibition of endogenous miR-27b-3p by its inhibitors suppressed the expression of IFN-β, IRF3 and NF-κB, enhancing SOCS3 and 6 expressions and facilitating IBDV replication.

A Novel Role for PX, a Structural Protein of Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4 (FAdV4), as an Apoptosis-Inducer in Leghorn Male Hepatocellular Cell.

Hydropericardium-Hepatitis Syndrome (HHS) caused by Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4 (FAdV4) infection is a severe threat to the poultry industry worldwide, especially in China since 2015. Recent studies show that FAdV4 induces liver injury through apoptosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear.

Epigenetic Upregulation of Chicken MicroRNA-16-5p Expression in DF-1 Cells following Infection with Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) Enhances IBDV-Induced Apoptosis and Viral Replication.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression posttranscriptionally by silencing or degrading their targets and play important roles in the host response to pathogenic infection. Although infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV)-induced apoptosis in host cells has been established, the underlying molecular mechanism is not completely unraveled. Here, we show that infection of DF-1 cells by IBDV induced gga-miR-16-5p (chicken miR-16-5p) expression via demethylation of the pre-miR-16-2 (gga-miR-16-5p precursor) promoter.

Hyperforatins L-U: Prenylated acylphloroglucinols with a terminal double bond from Hypericum perforatum L. (St John's Wort).

Hyperforatins L-U, ten undescribed polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols (PPAPs) bearing a terminal double bond, together with a known compound hypericumoxide J, were isolated from the aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum L. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including HRESIMS, IR, UV, and NMR (H, C, DEPT, HSQC, HMBC, H-H COSY, and NOESY experiments). Their absolute configurations were determined by comprehensive analyses of their experimental ECD spectra in conjunction with a modified Mosher's method.

SMAD4 rare variants in individuals and families with thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections.

SMAD4 pathogenic variants cause juvenile polyposis (JPS) and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), and 40% of affected individuals also have thoracic aortic disease. At the same time, SMAD4 pathogenic variants have not been reported in thoracic aortic disease families without JPS-HHT. A SMAD4 heterozygous variant, c.

Requirement of Cellular Protein CCT7 for the Replication of Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4 (FAdV-4) in Leghorn Male Hepatocellular Cells Via Interaction with the Viral Hexon Protein.

Fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) causes hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS), leading to severe economic losses in the poultry industry. Although the pathogenesis of FAdV-4 infection has caused much attention, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we identified chaperonin containing TCP-1 subunit eta (CCT7) as an interacting partner of the FAdV-4 capsid protein hexon.

[Effect of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and infancy in preventing atopic dermatitis in children: a Meta analysis].

Objective: To systematically review the effect of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and infancy in preventing atopic dermatitis in children.

Methods: RevMan5.3 was used to perform a Meta analysis of randomized controlled trials on the effect of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and infancy in preventing atopic dermatitis in children published between January 2008 and May 2018 across the world.

Are blood lipids associated with microvascular complications among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients? A cross-sectional study in Shanghai, China.

Background: Although there are several studies to investigate the association between blood lipids and microvascular complications, these studies reported conflicting results. The aim of the current study was to explore the association between blood lipid parameters and the risk of microvascular complications, especially the dose-response association between them, among community patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Shanghai, China.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in 6 community health service centers in Shanghai between December 2014 and December 2016.