The effectiveness of exercise in alleviating long COVID symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Long COVID is prevalent in the general population. Exercise is a promising component of rehabilitation for long COVID patients.

Aim: This study examined the effects of exercise interventions on managing long COVID symptoms.

Driver mutation subtypes involve with differentiated immunophenotypes influencing pancreatic cancer outcomes.

Despite many studies focusing on the prognostic biomarkers in pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PAADs), there is ill-informed about the relationships between their genomic features and immune characteristics. Herein, we deeply investigated the involvement of major driver mutation subtypes with immunophenotypes impacting PAAD outcomes. Based on public data analyses of RNA expression-based immune subtypes in PAAD, in contrast to KRAS G12D & TP53 co-mutant patients with poor outcomes, the best immune subtype C3 (inflammatory) characterized by high Th1/Th2 ratio was relatively enriched in KRASTP53 patients with better survival, whereas the inferior subtype C2 (IFN-γ dominant) with low Th1/Th2 ratio was more common in the former than in the latter.

To develop a prognostic model for neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy efficacy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by analyzing the immune microenvironment.

Objective: The choice of neoadjuvant therapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is controversial. This study aims to provide a basis for clinical treatment selection by establishing a predictive model for the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NICT).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 30 patients was conducted, divided into Response and Non-response groups based on whether they achieved major pathological remission (MPR).

Immune microenvironment heterogeneity of concurrent adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in multiple primary lung cancers.

The molecular profiles and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of multiple primary lung cancers (MPLCs) presenting as concurrent lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC) remain unknown. We aimed to clarify these factors. We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES), RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), and multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) for five patients with concurrent ADC and SQCC.

A wavelet coherence approach to zoning supply-demand matching of carbon sequestration service.

Carbon sequestration (CS) is an important regulating service provided by natural ecosystem which plays an important role in mitigating global climate change. However, there is often spatial mismatch between the carbon sequestration supply and demand (CSSD), which makes it difficult to reduce carbon emissions and increase carbon sinks to achieve local carbon balance. Therefore, it is important to clarify the optimal scale to explore spatial matches and mismatches between CSSD and delimit spatial units for implementing effective carbon-focused management policies.

Nernst effect in anisotropic four-terminal topological nodal-line semimetals.

The Nernst effect is the transverse mode of thermoelectric transport, in which a longitudinal thermal gradient induces a transverse current in the conductor while under a perpendicular magnetic field. Here the Nernst effect in a mesoscopic topological nodal-line semimetals (TNLSMs) system of four-terminal cross-bar with the spin-orbit coupling under a perpendicular magnetic field is studied. The Nernst coefficientin two non-equivalen connection modes (-mode and-mode) is calculated based on the tight-binding Hamiltonian combined with the nonequilibrium Green's function method.

Extraction, Physicochemical Properties, Functional Activities and Applications of Inulin Polysaccharide: a Review.

Inulin is a naturally soluble dietary fiber that is widely distributed and primarily derived from plants. As a reserve biopolysaccharide in plants, inulin is considered an indigestible carbohydrate of fructan because of its unique β-(2,1)-glycosidic bond structure. Numerous recent animal and human experimental studies have shown that functional inulin possesses multiple bioactivities, including immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antitumor, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, and gastrointestinal protective activities.

Stage response of vegetation dynamics to urbanization in megacities: A case study of Changsha City, China.

Urban vegetation affects urban microclimate and maintains biodiversity, which is vital to the social-ecological system. However, there is a lack of research on quantitatively identifying urbanization stage impact on vegetation dynamics, and the stage difference in the response of vegetation dynamics to urbanization characteristics is not clear. In this study, taking Changsha City as an example, we explored the response of vegetation dynamics to urbanization, and identified the impact stages of urbanization on vegetation dynamics as well as their social-ecological characteristics.

Non-linear effects of meteorological variables on cooling efficiency of African urban trees.

Urban tree cover is widely regarded as an environmentally-friendly and effective urban cooling approach. Meteorological variables, including air temperature, wind speed, and humidity, have complex impacts on the cooling efficiency (CE) of urban trees (i.e.

Elevation dependency of ecosystem services supply efficiency in great lake watershed.

Although it is well acknowledged that the improvement of ecosystem services is conducive to human well-being, there is still a lack of approach to determining reasonable improvement goals, especially for ecosystem services with trade-off relationship. Based on the method of production possibility frontier (PPF), this study presented a novel approach to identifying the improvement goals of interacting ecosystem services with considering their context dependency. By calculating the gap between the current supply of ecosystem services and the reasonable improvement goal, the ecosystem services supply efficiency was defined and measured to identify the optimization potentials of ecosystem services with trade-off relationship.

A wavelet coherence approach to detecting ecosystem services trade-off response to land use change.

Clarifying the complex land use impacts on ecosystem services (ESs) trade-off will be beneficial to watershed sustainable development, especially through scientific land use management and decision making. Dongting Lake Basin (DLB) is not only one of the most significant ecological barriers for the Yangtze River Economic Belt, but also an important grain production base of China. The trade-off between the grain production (GP) and water purification (WP) has become increasingly prominent.

Health Service Needs from a Household Perspective: An Empirical Study in Rural Empty Nest Families in Sinan and Dangyang, China.

This study aimed to explore the health service needs of empty nest families from a household perspective. A multistage random sampling strategy was conducted to select 1606 individuals in 803 empty nest households in this study. A questionnaire was used to ask each individual about their health service needs in each household.

Performance and Sociodemographic Determinants of Excess Outpatient Demand of Rural Residents in China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Excess healthcare utilization is rapidly rising in rural China. This study focused on excess outpatient demand (EOD) and aimed to measure its performance and sociodemographic determinants among China's rural residents. A total of 1290 residents from four counties in central China were enrolled via multistage cluster random sampling.

miR-449c-5p availability is antagonized by circ-NOTCH1 for MYC-induced NOTCH1 upregulation as well as tumor metastasis and stemness in gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC), identified as the most common gastrointestinal malignancy, is one of the primary causes of cancer-related mortality in the world. Although surgery and chemotherapy for GC treatment have been improved, the 5-year overall survival rate is still unsatisfactory. Circ-NOTCH1 is a novel circular RNA derived from its host gene NOTCH1, and has not been studied in any cancers.

An Exploration of Medical Education in Central and Southern China: Measuring the Professional Competence of Clinical Undergraduates.

Background: The cultivation and assessment of the professional competence of clinical undergraduates is essential to medical education. This study aimed to construct a scale to evaluate the professional competence of clinical undergraduates as well as its determinants.

Methods: The competence scale was developed on the basis of four medical education standards, the literature, and expert interviews.

Direct neuronal reprogramming of olfactory ensheathing cells for CNS repair.

Direct conversion of readily available non-neural cells from patients into induced neurons holds great promise for neurological disease modeling and cell-based therapy. Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) is a unique population of glia in olfactory nervous system. Based on the regeneration-promoting properties and the relative clinical accessibility, OECs are attracting increasing attention from neuroscientists as potential therapeutic agents for use in neural repair.

Inhibition of Glioma Development by ASCL1-Mediated Direct Neuronal Reprogramming.

Direct conversion of non-neural cells into induced neurons holds great promise for brain repair. As the most common malignant tumor in the central nervous system, glioma is currently incurable due to its exponential growth and invasive behavior. Given that neurons are irreversible postmitotic cells, reprogramming glioma cells into terminally differentiated neuron-like cells represents a potential approach to inhibit brain tumor development.

Conditional ablation of reactive astrocytes to dissect their roles in spinal cord injury and repair.

Astrocytes become reactive in response to spinal cord injury (SCI) and ultimately form a histologically apparent glial scar at the lesion site. It is controversial whether astrocytic scar is detrimental or beneficial to the axonal regeneration and SCI repair. Therefore, much effort has focused on understanding the functions of reactive astrocytes.

Region-Restrict Astrocytes Exhibit Heterogeneous Susceptibility to Neuronal Reprogramming.

The adult CNS has poor ability to replace degenerated neurons following injury or disease. Recently, direct reprogramming of astrocytes into induced neurons has been proposed as an innovative strategy toward CNS repair. As a cell population that shows high diversity on physiological properties and functions depending on their spatiotemporal distribution, however, whether the astrocyte heterogeneity affect neuronal reprogramming is not clear.

Identification of characteristic genes distinguishing neural stem cells from astrocytes.

Background: Neural stem cells (NSCs) have unique biological characteristics such as continuous proliferation and multipotential differentiation, providing a possible method for restoration of central nervous system (CNS) function after injury or disease. NSCs and astrocytes share many similar biological properties including cell morphology and molecular expression and can trans-differentiate into each other under certain conditions. However, characteristic genes specifically expressed by NSCs have not been well described.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use and risk of Parkinson disease: A dose-response meta-analysis.

Previous studies have indicated that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use is associated with Parkinson disease risk, but presented controversial results.Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Database were searched update to November 2017. Key data were extracted from eligible studies.

[Astrocytes as therapeutic targets after spinal cord injury].

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a challenging medical problem in the field of neurology, showing high incidence rate, disability rate, treatment cost and low-aged trend. Despite the clinical application of drug intervention, surgical treatment and modern rehabilitation training, no ideal curative effect has been achieved. Therefore, future study is necessary to clarify detailed pathological mechanism of SCI and identify the potential target cells for therapeutic intervention.