Unlocking marine microbial treasures: new PBP2a-targeted antibiotics elicited by metals and enhanced by RSM-driven transcriptomics and chemoinformatics.

Elicitation through abiotic stress, including heavy metals, is a new natural product drug discovery technique. In this research, three compounds 1, 2, and 6, were achieved by triggering zinc and nickel on marine Sphingomonas sp. and Streptomyces sp.

Ultrasound-based nomogram to predict the recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma using machine learning.

Background And Aims: The recurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is not unusual and associated with risk of death. This study is aimed to construct a nomogram that combines clinicopathological characteristics and ultrasound radiomics signatures to predict the recurrence in PTC.

Methods: A total of 554 patients with PTC who underwent ultrasound imaging before total thyroidectomy were included.

Nomogram for predicting lymph node metastasis in patients with ovarian cancer using ultrasonography: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Ovarian cancer is a common cancer among women globally, and the assessment of lymph node metastasis plays a crucial role in the treatment of this malignancy. The primary objective of our study was to identify the risk factors associated with lymph node metastasis in patients with ovarian cancer and develop a predictive model to aid in the selection of the appropriate surgical procedure and treatment strategy.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from patients with ovarian cancer across three different medical centers between April 2014 and August 2022.

Bacterial, short-chain fatty acid and gas profiles of partially hydrolyzed guar gum in vitro fermentation by human fecal microbiota.

Carbohydrates with different structures have metabolic differences in the human body, as well as individual differences. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of bacterial, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and gas profiles of partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) on the fecal microbiota of 41 Chinese individuals by simulated fermentation in vitro. Results showed that PHGG stimulated the growth of Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium, inhibited the growth of Escherichia-Shigella, Klebsiella, and Dorea, and induced the production of fermentation gases (CO2, and H2) and SCFAs (acetic acid, butyric acid).

Recent Advances in Imaging Agents Anchored with pH (Low) Insertion Peptides for Cancer Theranostics.

The acidic extracellular microenvironment has become an effective target for diagnosing and treating tumors. A pH (low) insertion peptide (pHLIP) is a kind of peptide that can spontaneously fold into a transmembrane helix in an acidic microenvironment, and then insert into and cross the cell membrane for material transfer. The characteristics of the acidic tumor microenvironment provide a new method for pH-targeted molecular imaging and tumor-targeted therapy.

Gas-Mediated Intestinal Microbiome Regulation Prompts the Methanol Extract of to Relieve Colitis.

Intestinal dysbiosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of colitis (UC). can achieve anti-inflammatory effects as a medicine and food homologous vegetable. Luteolin, eriodictyol, fisetin, and kaempferol are the main anti-inflammatory active compounds obtained through mass spectrometry from the methanol extract of (JJSM).

Methanol extract of improves type 2 diabetes mellitus through modifying intestinal flora.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant risk to human health. Previous research demonstrated that possesses good hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. In this research, we aim to investigate the potential treatment outcomes of for T2DM and discuss its favourable influences on the intestinal flora.

The Role of Intestinal Flora in Anti-Tumor Antibiotic Therapy.

Anti-tumor antibiotics are chemical substances produced by micro-organisms to control cancer development. Some of the currently used cancer treatment regimens are anti-tumor antibiotics. However, many studies have demonstrated that anti-tumor antibiotics may have adverse effects on normal cells.

Dual Role of Indoles Derived From Intestinal Microbiota on Human Health.

Endogenous indole and its derivatives (indoles), considered as promising N-substituted heterocyclic compounds, are tryptophan metabolites derived from intestinal microbiota and exhibit a range of biological activities. Recent studies indicate that indoles contribute to maintaining the biological barrier of the human intestine, which exert the anti-inflammatory activities mainly through activating AhR and PXR receptors to affect the immune system's function, significantly improving intestinal health (inflammatory bowel disease, hemorrhagic colitis, colorectal cancer) and further promote human health (diabetes mellitus, central system inflammation, and vascular regulation). However, the revealed toxic influences cannot be ignored.

The Methanol Extract of Ameliorates Colitis by Improving Intestinal Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Gas Production to Regulate Microbiota Dysbiosis in Mice.

The potential impacts of methanol extract from on (YZM) colonic histopathology, gut gas production, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and intestinal microbiota composition were evaluated with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice in this study. These results indicated that YZM increased colon length and ameliorated colonic histopathology in DSS-induced colitis mice. Moreover, YZM administration reversed intestinal microbiota compositions leading to the inhibition of HS-related bacteria (e.

TRPC1 Deficiency Impairs the Endothelial Progenitor Cell Function via Inhibition of Calmodulin/eNOS Pathway.

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) promote angiogenesis and play a pivotal role in endothelial repair and re-endothelialization after vascular injury. Transient receptor potential-canonical1 (TRPC1) has been recently implied to play important roles on EPC function. Here, we studied the role of TRPC1 in regulating EPC function in vivo and in vitro.

Anti-colorectal cancer effects of tripolinolate A from Tripolium vulgare.

Tripolinolate A (TLA) is recently identified as a new compound from a halophyte plant Tripolium vulgare and has been shown to have significant in vitro activity against the proliferation of colorectal cancer and glioma cells. This study was designed to further investigate the effects of TLA on the proliferation of human normal cells, and the apoptosis and cell cycle in colorectal cancer cells, and the growth of tumors in the colorectal cancer-bearing animals. The data obtained from this study demonstrated that: 1) TLA had much less cytotoxicity in the human normal cells than the colorectal cancer cells; 2) TLA remarkably induced apoptosis in the human colorectal cancer cells and blocked cell cycle at G/M phase, and 3) TLA had significant anti-colorectal cancer activity in the tumor-bearing animals.

Antiproliferative cyclodepsipeptides from the marine actinomycete Streptomyces sp. P11-23B downregulating the tumor metabolic enzymes of glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and lipogenesis.

Two cyclodepsipeptides and a known cyclodepsipeptide valinomycin were isolated from a culture of the marine actinomycete Streptomyces sp. P11-23B. Their structures were established based on NMR, HRESIMS, and MS-MS spectroscopic interpretation as well as by chemical degradation.

Novel propanamide analogue and antiproliferative diketopiperazines from mangrove Streptomyces sp. Q24.

A new propanamide analogue (1), along with one known alkaloid (2) and four known diketopiperazines (3-6), was isolated from a cultured broth of the actinomycete Streptomyces sp. Q24 that was obtained from a sample of mangrove soil. The structures of these isolates were characterised as 3-acetylamino-N-2-thienyl-propanamide (1), N-acetyltryptamine (2), cyclo-(l-phenylalanine-l-4-hydroxyproline) (3), cyclo-(l-leucine-l-4-hydroxyproline) (4), cyclo-(l-phenylalanine-d-4-hydroxyproline) (5) and cyclo-(l-leucine-l-proline) (6) based on their NMR and HRESIMS data as well as optical rotation.

New Metabolites and Bioactive Actinomycins from Marine-Derived Streptomyces sp. ZZ338.

An extract prepared from the culture of a marine-derived actinomycete sp. ZZ338 was found to have significant antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities. A chemical investigation of this active extract resulted in the isolation of three known bioactive actinomycins (-) and two new metabolites ( and ).

New streptophenazines from marine Streptomyces sp. 182SMLY.

Six phenazines including three new ones were isolated from the culture of a marine actinomycete Streptomyces sp. 182SMLY. Based on the analyses of NMR, HRESIMS, optical rotation value, and CD data, the structures of these isolated compounds were determined as new phenazines of (-)-streptophenazines M-O and known phenazines of 1-carbomethoxyphenazine and (-)-streptophenazines A and B.

Bioactive Polycyclic Quinones from Marine Streptomyces sp. 182SMLY.

Chemical investigation of the cultures of marine Streptomyces sp. 182SMLY led to the discovery of two new polycyclic anthraquinones, which were elucidated as N-acetyl-N-demethylmayamycin (1) and streptoanthraquinone A (2) based on the extensive spectroscopic analysis including 2D NMR, HRESIMS, and an electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. Both anthraquinones remarkably suppressed the proliferation of four different glioma cell lines with IC50 values in a range from 0.

Cytotoxic and anti-colorectal tumor effects of sulfated saponins from sea cucumber Holothuria moebii.

Background: Whether sulfated saponins from Holothuria moebii inhibit the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells and have anti-colorectal tumor effects in animal model has not been investigated.

Purpose: To evaluate the cytotoxic and anti-colorectal tumor effects of sulfated saponins from sea cucumber Holothuria moebii.

Method: (1) Column chromatography was used to prepare the total and individual saponins and HPLC was applied to define the components of the total saponins; (2) the activity of the total and individual saponins inhibiting the proliferation of human colorectal cancer cells was determined by SRB assay and the apoptosis induced by the saponins was qualified using cytometric analysis with Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining; and (3) the antitumor effects of the sulfated saponins on colorectal CT-26 tumor-bearing Balb/c mice were tested.

A new curvularin glycoside and its cytotoxic and antibacterial analogues from marine actinomycete Pseudonocardia sp. HS7.

Five curvularin macrolides (1-5) were isolated from the cultured broth of marine actinomycete Pseudonocardia sp. HS7 that was obtained from the cloacal aperture of sea cucumber Holothuria moebii. The structures of these isolates were characterized as (11S,15R)-11-hydroxycurvularin (1), (11R,15R)-11-hydroxycurvularin (2), curvularin-7-O-α-D-glucopyranoside (3), trans-dehydrocurvularin (4) and curvularin (5) based on their NMR and HRESIMS data as well as chemical degradation.

Bioactive sulfated saponins from sea cucumber Holothuria moebii.

The bioactive ingredients of sea cucumber Holothuria moebii were investigated, and four sulfated saponins (1-4) and one desulfated saponin (3B) with an unusual 3,4-epoxy xylose were obtained from this study. Compound 2 is a new triterpenoid saponin and 3B is a new artificial compound. On the basis of the extensive NMR and HRESIMS data, their structures were assigned as 3-O-[β-D-quinovopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-4-sodium sulfato-β-D-xylopyranosyl]-25-acetoxy-22-oxo-9(11)-holostene-3β,12α,17α-triol (2) and 3-O-[β-D-quinovopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-3,4-epoxy-β-xylopyranosyl]-22,25-epoxy-9(11)-holostene-3β,12α,17α-triol (3B).

Bioactive triterpenoid saponins and phenolic compounds against glioma cells.

A total of 54 natural origin compounds were evaluated for their activity in inhibiting the proliferation of glioma cells. Results showed that four Aesculus polyhydroxylated triterpenoid saponins (3-6), six Gleditsia triterpenoid saponins (7-12), and five phenolic compounds (43-46, 51) had dose-dependent activity suppressing the proliferation of both C6 and U251 cells. Structure-activity relationship analysis suggested that the acetyl group at C-28 for the Aesculus saponins and the monoterpenic acid moiety for the Gleditsia saponins could be critical for the activity of these active compounds.

Polyoxygenated 24,28-epoxyergosterols inhibiting the proliferation of glioma cells from sea anemone Anthopleura midori.

Eleven sterols (1-11) and one carotenoid (12) were isolated and identified from sea anemone Anthopleura midori. Compounds 1-6 are rare polyoxygenated ergosterols with a 24,28-epoxy moiety. The structures of these epoxyergosterols were determined by NMR and HRESIMS analyses as well as their chemical-physical properties.

Fatsioside A, a rare baccharane-type glycoside inhibiting the growth of glioma cells from the fruits of Fatsia japonica.

A novel baccharane-type triterpenoid glycoside named fatsioside A (1), together with ten oleanane glycosides, were isolated from the fruits of Fatsia japonica. The structure of fatsioside A was assigned as 3β,15α,18α-trihydroxy-18,19-secolupane-12,19-dione 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-D-glucopyranoside by extensive NMR and HRESIMS analyses. F.

Quantitative determination of triterpenoid glycosides in Fatsia japonica Decne. & Planch. using high performance liquid chromatography.

Fatsia japonica Decne. & Planch. is a triterpenoid glycoside-rich herb with anti-inflammatory activity for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.