Constructing a folate metabolism gene signature for predicting prognosis in pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas.

Folate metabolism is a crucial biological process in cell proliferation and exhibits its pro-tumorigenic functions in multiple tumor types. However, its role in pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas remains uncertain. Folate metabolism related genes were obtained from previous studies, and the gene expression data and clinical data were collected from GEO database.

Prognosis of unresected versus resected early-stage pulmonary carcinoid tumors ≤3 cm in size: A population-based study.

Purpose: The observation-based prognosis, rather than resection, for small carcinoid tumors is still unclear. This lack of clarity has important implications for counseling elderly patients or patients for whom surgical resection poses a high risk. This study compared the outcomes of observation and surgical resection in patients with pulmonary carcinoid (PC) tumors ≤3 cm in size without metastasis.